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Abstract(s)
A prevenção e terapêutica pelo agente Streptococcus agalactiae ou Estreptococcus do Grupo B. e a mortalidade relacionada com a infeção neonatal invasiva representam um desafio significativo à saúde pública. Tanto a Sepsis como a meningite, num estádio precoce ou tardio, apresentam um elevado risco de mortalidade associado á doença invasiva do EGB causada, provavelmente, por défices imunológicos no recém-nascido quando comparada a adultos. Adicionalmente, a sepsis origina um perturbação significativa nas redes neuronais durante a fase neonatal, sendo isto um fator prejudicial no desenvolvimento cerebral do neonato. Consequentemente, o comprometimento neurocognitivo das capacidades motoras, cognitivas, linguísticas, comportamentais e de aprendizagem podem ocorrer e, eventualmente, na sociedade já como adulto. Os avanços na prevenção e tratamento de doenças neonatais, sepsis e meningite causadas por EGB diminuíram significativamente nas primeiras horas de vida (início precoce), contudo, não foram eficientes para as de início tardio após a primeira semana de nascimento. Doravante, são indispensáveis novas estratégias focadas na imunomodelação e neuroprotecção. Neste, trabalho, o objetivo será avaliar e sintetizar o conhecimento atual da sepsis neonatal por EGB, e discutir o potencial terapêutico da neuromodelação simpática para a obtenção de melhores resultados na sobrevivência por sepsis neonatal por EGB e no comprometimento do desenvolvimento neurológico.
Prevention and therapeutics of Streptococcus agalactiae, or group B streptococcus (GBS), invasive neonatal infection-related mortality represents a significative public health care challange. The increased risk of death from invasive GBS disease, like spsis or meningite, as early-onset or late-onset diseases is likely due to the specific immune particularities found in the neonate as compared to the adults. Moreover, sepsis causes significant disruption of cerebral networking in the neonatal period and is detrimental to brain development. Consequentially, neurocognitive impairment of motor, cognitive, language, behavioral and learning skills can occur and will negatively impact a child´s performance and integration into school, and eventually into society as an adult. Advances in pervention and treatment of neonatal disease, sepsis and meningitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, significantly reduced disease occuring within the first hours of life (early-onset disease), but it has hard no effect on the late-onset disease occuring after the first week. So, new theraputic strategies focusing on both immunomodulation and neuroprotection are mandatory. In this work we aim to appraise and summarize the current knowledge about GBS neonatal invasive diseases, namely GBS neonatal spsis, and to discuss the therapeutic potential of sympathetic neuromodulation to improve neonatal GBS sepsis survivor and neurodevelopment impairment outcome.
Prevention and therapeutics of Streptococcus agalactiae, or group B streptococcus (GBS), invasive neonatal infection-related mortality represents a significative public health care challange. The increased risk of death from invasive GBS disease, like spsis or meningite, as early-onset or late-onset diseases is likely due to the specific immune particularities found in the neonate as compared to the adults. Moreover, sepsis causes significant disruption of cerebral networking in the neonatal period and is detrimental to brain development. Consequentially, neurocognitive impairment of motor, cognitive, language, behavioral and learning skills can occur and will negatively impact a child´s performance and integration into school, and eventually into society as an adult. Advances in pervention and treatment of neonatal disease, sepsis and meningitis caused by Streptococcus agalactiae, significantly reduced disease occuring within the first hours of life (early-onset disease), but it has hard no effect on the late-onset disease occuring after the first week. So, new theraputic strategies focusing on both immunomodulation and neuroprotection are mandatory. In this work we aim to appraise and summarize the current knowledge about GBS neonatal invasive diseases, namely GBS neonatal spsis, and to discuss the therapeutic potential of sympathetic neuromodulation to improve neonatal GBS sepsis survivor and neurodevelopment impairment outcome.
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Keywords
Group B Streptococcus Imnune system Infection Neonatal sepsis Sympathetic nervous system