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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Com a globalização dos mercados, a competitividade das indústrias aumentou significativamente nos últimos anos. Para manter ou melhorar a sua posição nos mercados, as indústrias apresentam uma constante procura pela melhoria. Um dos pontos que atualmente podem ser melhorados é o transporte de produtos dentro dos parques industriais. Ao melhorar o sistema de transporte, a carga transportada aumenta e o tempo entre a requisição e a disponibilidade do produto diminui. Uma das soluções possíveis para aperfeiçoar o sistema de transporte consiste na utilização de veículos guiados de forma autónoma, que apresentam a capacidade de melhorar qualitativamente e quantitativamente o transporte de cargas. Para melhorar o desempenho dos parques industriais neste ponto, esta dissertação propõe um veículo autónomo modular capaz de transportar cargas pesadas. Este é um veículo compacto, com baixos custos associados e boas velocidades de transporte. A dificuldade no desenvolvimento deste trabalho encontra-se no dimensionamento de peças capazes de suportar cargas tão elevadas para um veículo de pequenas dimensões. Neste trabalho é dimensionado um sistema de acionamento capaz de transportar as cargas propostas. Este dimensionamento é realizado através de simulações de transporte de cargas quer em plano, quer num parque industrial. São também identificados os pontos da estrutura que é necessário reforçar, através de simulação, pelo Método de Elementos Finitos, de diferentes casos de carga. Por fim são apresentadas correções que dão à estrutura a capacidade de transporte das cargas desejadas. Nesta dissertação é dimensionada a estrutura de uma plataforma existente, tornando-a capaz de transportar 8 toneladas. Além de dimensionar a estrutura, também se dimensiona o sistema de acionamento, que garante a capacidade de transporte das cargas propostas com um custo associado ao transporte reduzido. Ao desenhar uma plataforma adicional, para o transporte das mercadorias, é possível verificar que a plataforma existente é modular, uma vez que não necessitou de modificações para acoplar a plataforma adicional.
Due to the globalization of markets, the industrial competitiveness has increased significantly in recent years. To maintain or improve their position in the markets, industries are constantly looking for improvement. Nowadays, one of the points that can be improved is the transportation of products inside the industrial parks. When the transportation system is improved, the transported loads will increase and the time between the requisition and the availability of the product will be reduced. One of the solutions used to improve the transportation system is the use of autonomously guided vehicles, which have the capacity to qualitatively and quantitatively improve the load transportation. This dissertation proposes a modular autonomous vehicle capable of carrying heavy loads, which will improve the performance of industrial parks. This is a compact vehicle with low associated costs and good transport speeds. During the development of this work, it was difficult to design parts for a small vehicle that were capable of withstanding high loads. In this dissertation, a drive system is designed, which will be capable of transporting the proposed loads. This design was carried out using simulations of the transport with loads, either in the plane ground or in an industrial park. The points of the structure that require reinforcement are also identified in different load cases, using simulation by the Finite Element Method. Finally, the required corrections are presented, giving to the structure the ability to carry the desired loads. In this dissertation, the structure of an existing platform is designed, making it capable of transporting 8 tons. In addition to designing the structure, the drive system is also designed, which guarantees the carrying capacity of the proposed loads with a low cost associated with the transportation. When designing an additional platform for the load transportation, it is possible to verify that the existing platform is modular since it does not require modifications to fit the additional platform.
Due to the globalization of markets, the industrial competitiveness has increased significantly in recent years. To maintain or improve their position in the markets, industries are constantly looking for improvement. Nowadays, one of the points that can be improved is the transportation of products inside the industrial parks. When the transportation system is improved, the transported loads will increase and the time between the requisition and the availability of the product will be reduced. One of the solutions used to improve the transportation system is the use of autonomously guided vehicles, which have the capacity to qualitatively and quantitatively improve the load transportation. This dissertation proposes a modular autonomous vehicle capable of carrying heavy loads, which will improve the performance of industrial parks. This is a compact vehicle with low associated costs and good transport speeds. During the development of this work, it was difficult to design parts for a small vehicle that were capable of withstanding high loads. In this dissertation, a drive system is designed, which will be capable of transporting the proposed loads. This design was carried out using simulations of the transport with loads, either in the plane ground or in an industrial park. The points of the structure that require reinforcement are also identified in different load cases, using simulation by the Finite Element Method. Finally, the required corrections are presented, giving to the structure the ability to carry the desired loads. In this dissertation, the structure of an existing platform is designed, making it capable of transporting 8 tons. In addition to designing the structure, the drive system is also designed, which guarantees the carrying capacity of the proposed loads with a low cost associated with the transportation. When designing an additional platform for the load transportation, it is possible to verify that the existing platform is modular since it does not require modifications to fit the additional platform.
Description
Keywords
Veículos autónomos Projeto Mecânico Projeto Estrutural Método de Elementos Finitos Sistemas de Acionamento Autonomous vehicles Mechanical project Structural Design Finite Element Method Drive Systems