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Estratégias narrativas no documentário de retrato: realização na longa-metragem Agente de Mudança
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Abstract(s)
Este ensaio investiga as estratégias narrativas utilizadas no cinema documental, com ênfase na construção da perspetiva e do sentido, nas implicações éticas da representação, bem como na receção por parte do espectador. O estudo parte de uma metodologia qualitativa, recorrendo a obras e autores de relevância, com o intuito de compreender o documentário como género cinematográfico autónomo e multifacetado.
O problema central da pesquisa reside na tensão entre a intenção autoral e a expectativa de veracidade associada ao documentário, levantando questões éticas e estéticas sobre a forma como os eventos são retratados e interpretados. A relevância do tema manifesta-se tanto para a comunidade cientifica, por contribuir para a reflexão critica sobre a linguagem documental, como para a sociedade em geral, ao tratar do papel do cinema como instrumento de representação e ferramenta de intervenção social.
Procura-se compreender como as escolhas formais — como o enquadramento narrativo, o ponto de vista autoral e a organização da matéria fílmica — moldam a experiência documental, quer a partir da intencionalidade do realizador, quer na leitura ativa do público e nas suas expectativas associadas as convenções de gênero. A investigação dedica particular atenção ao documentário de retrato, abordando as implicações éticas e estéticas na representação do outro. A análise parte do princípio de que todo o gesto documental implica uma relação de poder e responsabilidade, exigindo uma consciência critica por parte de quem filma e uma sensibilidade ética perante quem e filmado.
Em paralelo a pesquisa teórica, foi desenvolvido o documentário Agente de Mudança como projeto pratico, servindo como campo de aplicação dos conceitos estudados, cuja construção seguiu princípios coerentes com os eixos de reflexão propostos, o que permitiu uma abordagem mais integrada entre teoria e experiência.
A pesquisa conclui que o documentário, ao conjugar escolhas narrativas conscientes e responsabilidade ética, pode transcender a simples observação da realidade, tornando-se uma forma de intervenção critica e socialmente relevante. A reflexão sobre o papel e escolhas do realizador revela-se, assim, essencial para uma prática mais justa e consciente no campo do cinema documental.
This work investigates the narrative strategies used in documentary filmmaking, with an emphasis on the construction of perspective and meaning, the ethical implications of representation, and viewer reception. The study uses a qualitative methodology, utilizing relevant works and authors, with the aim of understanding documentary as an autonomous and multifaceted film genre. The central problem of the research lies in the tension between authorial intent and the expectation of veracity associated with documentary, raising ethical and aesthetic questions about how events are portrayed and interpreted. The topic is relevant both for the scientific community, as it contributes to critical reflection on documentary language, and for society in general, as it addresses the role of cinema as an instrument of representation and a tool for social intervention. The aim is to understand how formal choices—such as narrative framing, authorial point of view, and the organization of film material—shape the documentary experience, whether based on the director's intentionality or the audience's active interpretation and expectations associated with genre conventions. The research pays particular attention to portrait documentary, addressing the ethical and aesthetic implications of representing the other. The analysis is based on the principle that every documentary gesture implies a relationship of power and responsibility, requiring critical awareness on the part of the filmmaker and ethical sensitivity on the part of the film's subjects. In parallel with the theoretical research, the documentary Agente de Mudança was developed as a practical project, serving as a field of application for the concepts studied, whose construction followed principles consistent with the proposed axes of reflection, allowing for a more integrated approach between theory and experience. The research concludes that documentary, by combining conscious narrative choices and ethical responsibility, can transcend the simple observation of reality, becoming a form of critical and socially relevant intervention. Reflection on the role and choices of the director is thus essential for a fairer and more conscious practice in the field of documentary filmmaking.
This work investigates the narrative strategies used in documentary filmmaking, with an emphasis on the construction of perspective and meaning, the ethical implications of representation, and viewer reception. The study uses a qualitative methodology, utilizing relevant works and authors, with the aim of understanding documentary as an autonomous and multifaceted film genre. The central problem of the research lies in the tension between authorial intent and the expectation of veracity associated with documentary, raising ethical and aesthetic questions about how events are portrayed and interpreted. The topic is relevant both for the scientific community, as it contributes to critical reflection on documentary language, and for society in general, as it addresses the role of cinema as an instrument of representation and a tool for social intervention. The aim is to understand how formal choices—such as narrative framing, authorial point of view, and the organization of film material—shape the documentary experience, whether based on the director's intentionality or the audience's active interpretation and expectations associated with genre conventions. The research pays particular attention to portrait documentary, addressing the ethical and aesthetic implications of representing the other. The analysis is based on the principle that every documentary gesture implies a relationship of power and responsibility, requiring critical awareness on the part of the filmmaker and ethical sensitivity on the part of the film's subjects. In parallel with the theoretical research, the documentary Agente de Mudança was developed as a practical project, serving as a field of application for the concepts studied, whose construction followed principles consistent with the proposed axes of reflection, allowing for a more integrated approach between theory and experience. The research concludes that documentary, by combining conscious narrative choices and ethical responsibility, can transcend the simple observation of reality, becoming a form of critical and socially relevant intervention. Reflection on the role and choices of the director is thus essential for a fairer and more conscious practice in the field of documentary filmmaking.
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Trabalho de projeto
Keywords
Abordagem Perspetiva Interpretação Ética Retrato Approach Perspective Interpretation Ethics Portrait