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Design of experiments optimization of fluorine-doped tin oxide films prepared by spray pyrolysis for photovoltaic applications

2022Journal article Restricted access
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dc.contributor.authorPinheiro, X.L.
dc.contributor.authorVilanova, A.
dc.contributor.authorMesquita, D.
dc.contributor.authorMonteiro, M.
dc.contributor.authorEriksson, J.A.M.
dc.contributor.authorBarbosa, J.R.S.
dc.contributor.authorMatos, C.
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, A.J.N.
dc.contributor.authorOliveira, K.
dc.contributor.authorCapitão, J.
dc.contributor.authorLoureiro, E.
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Paulo A.
dc.contributor.authorMendes, A.
dc.contributor.authorSalomé, P.M.P.
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-15T15:19:05Z
dc.date.embargo2035-12-31
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractTransparent conducting oxides (TCOs) have witnessed an ever-expanding use in our lives through many optoelectronic applications, namely photovoltaic (PV) devices. Indium-tin oxide (ITO) is the most used and studied TCO, but it lacks thermal and chemical stability and indium is a scarce and toxic element. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) emerged as the most promising alternative to ITO, presenting better thermal and chemical stability. Among the numerous techniques for depositing FTO thin films over glass substrates, spray pyrolysis is the simplest and most economical, with great potential for upscaling. However, the relative importance of the experimental variables that influence the optoelectronic properties remains barely addressed. Following this premise, the present work aimed at optimizing the deposition of FTO films on soda lime glass (SLG) substrates by spray pyrolysis following a Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology. The optoelectronic properties of FTO-SLG substrates was evaluated based on their optical transmittance and sheet resistance, both combined in a figure of merit (FoM) tailored for PV applications. It was concluded that the volume of sprayed solution and the fluorine/tin ratio in the precursor have the greatest influence in the FoM, being the optimal deposition conditions a sprayed volume of 60.8 ml and a [F]/[Sn] ratio of 0.45. FTO-SLG substrates prepared with these conditions achieved a FoM of 0.680 Ω□−1/10, corresponding to a sheet resistance of 3.40 Ω□ and a transmittance equivalent to 77% of the maximum current generated in the considered spectrum. The improved FoM was validated in dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells (DSSCs and PSCs, respectively), assembled with in-house optimized and commercial substrates. The efficiency of DSSCs was improved by 8.9% (relative), whereas PSCs achieved a light-to-power efficiency of 17% (absolute), corresponding to an improvement of 4.7% (relative).pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThe authors acknowledge the financial support of the project Baterias 2030, with the reference POCI-01-0247-FEDER-046109, co-funded by Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (COMPETE 2020), under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). J. Capitão acknowledges LEPABE for his PhD grant reference UI/BD/150993/ 2021. X. L. Pinheiro, M. Monteiro, A. J. N. Oliveira and E. Loureiro acknowledges the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for her PhD grant (References 2022.14053.BD, 2020.04564.BD, 2021.04588.BD and UI/BD/150991/2021, respectively). The research activities leading to these results have also received funding from: i) project 2SMART - engineered Smart materials for Smart citizens, with reference NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000054, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); ii) project SafeChrome, with reference POCI-01- 0247-FEDER-047092 co financed via FEDER, under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement; iii) project HopeH2, with reference POCI-01-0145- FEDER-030760, funded by FEDER funds through COMPETE2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizaç˜ao (POCI) and by national funds (PIDDAC) through FCT/MCTES; and iv) LA/P/ 0045/2020 (ALiCE), UIDB/00511/2020 and UIDP/00511/2020 (LEPABE), funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC).pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationX.L. Pinheiro, A. Vilanova, D. Mesquita, M. Monteiro, J.A.M. Eriksson, J.R.S. Barbosa, C. Matos, A.J.N. Oliveira, K. Oliveira, J. Capitão, E. Loureiro, P.A. Fernandes, A. Mendes, P.M.P. Salomé, Design of experiments optimization of fluorine-doped tin oxide films prepared by spray pyrolysis for photovoltaic applications, Ceramics International, Volume 49, Issue 8, 2023, Pages 13019-13030, ISSN 0272-8842, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.12.175
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.12.175pt_PT
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/22314
dc.language.isoengpt_PT
dc.publisherElsevierpt_PT
dc.relationPOCI-01-0247-FEDER-046109pt_PT
dc.relation2022.14053.BDpt_PT
dc.relationUI/BD/150993/ 2021pt_PT
dc.relationNovel Light Management Concepts in Ultra-thin CIGS Solar Cells
dc.relationDevelopment of long-term stable, environmentally safe perovskite solar cells
dc.relationPOCI-01- 0247-FEDER-047092pt_PT
dc.relationPOCI-01-0145- FEDER-030760pt_PT
dc.relationLA/P/ 0045/2020pt_PT
dc.relationLaboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy
dc.relationLaboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272884222045862?via%3Dihubpt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectFluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO)pt_PT
dc.subjectSpray pyrolysispt_PT
dc.subjectDesign of experiments (DoE)pt_PT
dc.subjectDye sensitized solar cells (DSSC)pt_PT
dc.subjectPerovskite solar cells (PSC)pt_PT
dc.titleDesign of experiments optimization of fluorine-doped tin oxide films prepared by spray pyrolysis for photovoltaic applicationspt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.awardTitleNovel Light Management Concepts in Ultra-thin CIGS Solar Cells
oaire.awardTitleDevelopment of long-term stable, environmentally safe perovskite solar cells
oaire.awardTitleLaboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy
oaire.awardTitleLaboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//2020.04564.BD/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/POR_NORTE/2021.04588.BD/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//UI%2FBD%2F150991%2F2021/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDB%2F00511%2F2020/PT
oaire.awardURIinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT/6817 - DCRRNI ID/UIDP%2F00511%2F2020/PT
oaire.citation.titleCeramics Internationalpt_PT
oaire.fundingStreamPOR_NORTE
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
oaire.fundingStream6817 - DCRRNI ID
person.familyNameFernandes
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person.identifier.ridJ-5264-2013
person.identifier.scopus-author-id35568397500
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
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project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.identifierhttp://doi.org/10.13039/501100001871
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
project.funder.nameFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia
rcaap.rightsclosedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
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