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Abstract(s)
Quer seja numa perspetiva ambiental, quer económica, a industrialização da construção é absolutamente inevitável. Inerentemente relacionado com alteração do paradigma do setor da construção surge a construção off-site e o pré-fabrico de componentes, com impacto considerável em todas as fases de conceção, construção e manutenção de edifícios. A construção off-site aparece não só como uma solução para a falta de mão-de-obra verificada no setor da construção em Portugal, mas também como uma inovação capaz de reduzir o tempo e os custos de uma obra, aumentar a segurança dos trabalhadores, a qualidade do produto final e ainda contribuir positivamente a nível ambiental. O trabalho desenvolvido consistiu na preparação, fabrico e instalação de instalações elétricas de BT pré-fabricadas, permitindo a sua industrialização, a sua aplicação na construção modular off-site e o estudo da sua viabilidade enquanto solução eficiente e inovadora. Inicialmente efetuou-se um estudo e dimensionamento do projeto com recurso à tecnologia BIM, seguido da preparação e montagem em ambiente dos componentes em fábrica (offsite) e, só após isto, a sua instalação em local de obra (on-site). Por fim, realizou-se o estudo do resultado prático de todo o projeto, de modo a avaliar a sua viabilidade, quando comparado com os métodos de construção tradicionais. Os resultados obtidos comprovaram os benefícios da industrialização de instalações elétricas de BT, valorizando e contribuindo para a inclusão de sistemas elétricos de rápida e fácil instalação, na construção off-site. O presente relatório foi desenvolvido no âmbito da dissertação do Mestrado em Engenharia Eletrotécnica – Sistemas Elétricos de Energia, do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, realizado em contexto empresarial na empresa Quadrina – Quadros Eléctricos, Lda., em colaboração com outras empresas do Grupo Casais, onde está inserida. No âmbito do trabalho foi realizado um estado de arte sobre a industrialização das instalações elétricas de BT e um caso de estudo do projeto, fabricação e instalação de paredes infraestruturadas, em 90 quartos de um hotel em fase de construção.
Whether from an environmental or an economic perspective, the industrialization of construction is inevitable. Inherently related to the paradigm shift in the construction sector comes the off-site construction and the pre-fabrication of components, with a considerable impact on all phases of design, construction and maintenance of buildings. Off-site construction appears not only as a solution to the lack of labour verified in the construction sector in Portugal, but also as an innovation capable of reducing the time and costs of a work, increasing the safety of workers, the quality of the final product and also make a positive contribution to the environment. The work carried out consisted of the preparation, manufacture and installation of prefabricated LV electrical installations, allowing for their industrialization, their application in off-site modular construction and the study of their feasibility as an efficient and innovative solution. Initially, a study and design of the project was carried out using BIM technology, followed by the preparation and assembly of the components in a factory environment (off-site) and, only after that, their installation at the construction site (on-site). Finally, a study of the practical result of the entire project was carried out, in order to assess its feasibility, when compared with traditional construction methods. The results obtained proved the benefits of industrialization of LV electrical installations, valuing and contributing to the inclusion of electrical systems that are quick and easy to install in off-site construction. This report was developed within the scope of the Master's thesis in Electrical Engineering – Electrical Energy Systems, of the ISEP (Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto), carried out in a business context at the company Quadrina – Quadros Eléctricos, Lda., in collaboration with other companies of the group (Grupo Casais), where it is inserted. As part of the work, a state-of-the-art project was carried out on the industrialization of LV electrical installations and a case study of the design, manufacture and installation of infrastructure walls, in 90 rooms of a hotel under construction.
Whether from an environmental or an economic perspective, the industrialization of construction is inevitable. Inherently related to the paradigm shift in the construction sector comes the off-site construction and the pre-fabrication of components, with a considerable impact on all phases of design, construction and maintenance of buildings. Off-site construction appears not only as a solution to the lack of labour verified in the construction sector in Portugal, but also as an innovation capable of reducing the time and costs of a work, increasing the safety of workers, the quality of the final product and also make a positive contribution to the environment. The work carried out consisted of the preparation, manufacture and installation of prefabricated LV electrical installations, allowing for their industrialization, their application in off-site modular construction and the study of their feasibility as an efficient and innovative solution. Initially, a study and design of the project was carried out using BIM technology, followed by the preparation and assembly of the components in a factory environment (off-site) and, only after that, their installation at the construction site (on-site). Finally, a study of the practical result of the entire project was carried out, in order to assess its feasibility, when compared with traditional construction methods. The results obtained proved the benefits of industrialization of LV electrical installations, valuing and contributing to the inclusion of electrical systems that are quick and easy to install in off-site construction. This report was developed within the scope of the Master's thesis in Electrical Engineering – Electrical Energy Systems, of the ISEP (Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto), carried out in a business context at the company Quadrina – Quadros Eléctricos, Lda., in collaboration with other companies of the group (Grupo Casais), where it is inserted. As part of the work, a state-of-the-art project was carried out on the industrialization of LV electrical installations and a case study of the design, manufacture and installation of infrastructure walls, in 90 rooms of a hotel under construction.
Description
Keywords
Construção off-site Industrialização Pré-fabricação Tecnologia BIM Instalações elétricas de baixa tensão Construção modular Off-site construction Industrialization Prefabrication BIM technology Low voltage electrical systems Modular construction