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A dissertação abaixo redigida tem como propósito avaliar e preparar a Dias Ruivo de modo que esta possa obter a certificação Leather Working Group (LWG). A indústria dos curtumes tem como finalidade a produção de couro, que poderá ter como destino diversas áreas de aplicação. Para tal, tendo em conta a necessidade imperiosa de trabalhar constantemente no sentido de garantir a sustentabilidade do planeta, existem cada vez mais estudos que valorizam a otimização do processo e de uma maior e mais adequada gestão dos efluentes e dos resíduos criados. Com a certificação LWG, este grupo pretende avaliar a conformidade ambiental e a capacidade de desempenho dos curtidores, baseando-se, principalmente, nas questões ambientais. Realizou-se um levantamento do estado atual da Dias Ruivo através do preenchimento de um questionário da LWG e do estudo da auditoria LWG, incidindo nos aspetos críticos da auditoria. Após isso, tornou-se possível detetar as fragilidades da empresa permitindo que fosse efetuado um estudo dos aspetos a melhorar. Perante isso, implementaram-se algumas melhorias de modo a corresponder às necessidades exigidas pelo LWG. De entre as melhorias propostas, fez parte um sistema de gestão global por processos. No entanto, e como este não é requisito essencial à obtenção do certificado, nesta dissertação é abordado superficialmente sendo dado mais ênfase ao processo de gestão ambiental. Além disso, a realização de análises químicas ao produto acabado tornou-se mais frequente, de forma a comprovar a conformidade dos produtos comercializados pela Dias Ruivo. De forma a reaproveitar os resíduos sólidos gerados, realizou-se um estudo a partir do qual se produziram dois produtos, através de raspas e retalhos vegetal. Importa salientar que a inovação se concretizou em parceria com a Aquitex. Esses produtos designam-se Aquitan RS1 (hidrolisado da raspa vegetal tratado com lenhinosulfonato de sódio e glicerol) e Aquitan RS2 (hidrolisado da raspa vegetal tratado com glutaraldeído e glicerol), e foram testados no processo de recurtume do artigo Natur da Dias Ruivo. Para o estudo em questão, avaliaram-se as propriedades organoléticas e analisaram-se a intensidade de cor, a resistência ao rasgamento, a resistência à tração e a resistência ao estalamento. Concluído o estudo, verificou-se que a amostra que continha apenas Aquitan RS2, apresentou melhores resultados, podendo daí inferir-se que este será um produto viável no que concerne ao reaproveitamento de resíduos. Contudo, a utilização deste produto só será exequível após testagem em larga escala, de modo que se verifique a fiabilidade do mesmo. Por último, atualizaram-se as fichas de segurança dos produtos químicos utilizados na indústria e criaram-se instruções de trabalho para os diversos equipamentos, com vista a facilitar o manuseamento dos mesmos. Perante isto, verifica-se que a Dias Ruivo está em processo para a obtenção da certificação LWG, mas é essencial que se dê continuidade a estas melhorias e que se conclua o processo de gestão ambiental.
The dissertation written down below has the purpose of evaluating and preparing Dias Ruivo, a tannery, so that they can obtain the Leather Working Group (LWG) certification. The tanneries have as purpose leather production, which could have as a destination various application areas. For such, considering the imperious need to constantly work to ensure the sustainability of the planet, there are more and more studies that value the optimization of the process as well as a greater and better management of effluents and waste created. With the LWG certification, this group intends to evaluate the environmental compliance and performance of tanners, based mainly on the environmental issues. A survey of the current status of Dias Ruivo was carried out by completing an LWG questionnaire and studying the LWG audit, focusing on critical aspects of the audit. After that, it became possible to detect the company's weaknesses thus allowing to be done a study of aspects to improve. As a result, some improvements were implemented in order to meet the needs demanded by the LWG. Among the proposed improvements, a global process management system was made, however, and as this is not an essential requirement for obtaining the certificate, this thesis will only address the environmental management process. Besides that, the realization of chemical analysis to the finished product became more frequent in order to prove the conformity of the products commercialized by Dias Ruivo. With the aim to reuse the solid waste that was generated, a study was conducted from which two products were produced from vegetable scraps. It should be noted that the innovation was achieved in partnership with Aquitex. These products are called Aquitan RS1 (hydrolysed vegetable scrap treated with sodium ligninosulfonate and glycerol) and Aquitan RS2 (hydrolysed vegetable scrap treated with glutaraldehyde and glycerol) and were tested in the retanning process of the article Natur by Dias Ruivo. For this study, the organoleptic properties were evaluated and the colour intensity, tear strength, tensile strength and cracking strength were analysed. At the end of the study, it was found that the sample that contained only Aquitan RS2 presented the best results, from which it can be inferred that this will be a viable product that regards waste reusage. However, the use of this product will only be feasible after large scale testing, so that its reliability is checked. Finally, the safety data sheets for the chemical products used in the industry were updated and work instructions were created for the various equipment, with the goal of facilitating their handling. In view of this, it’s verified that Dias Ruivo is in the process to obtain the LWG certification, but it is essential to give continuity to these improvements and to conclude the environmental management process.
The dissertation written down below has the purpose of evaluating and preparing Dias Ruivo, a tannery, so that they can obtain the Leather Working Group (LWG) certification. The tanneries have as purpose leather production, which could have as a destination various application areas. For such, considering the imperious need to constantly work to ensure the sustainability of the planet, there are more and more studies that value the optimization of the process as well as a greater and better management of effluents and waste created. With the LWG certification, this group intends to evaluate the environmental compliance and performance of tanners, based mainly on the environmental issues. A survey of the current status of Dias Ruivo was carried out by completing an LWG questionnaire and studying the LWG audit, focusing on critical aspects of the audit. After that, it became possible to detect the company's weaknesses thus allowing to be done a study of aspects to improve. As a result, some improvements were implemented in order to meet the needs demanded by the LWG. Among the proposed improvements, a global process management system was made, however, and as this is not an essential requirement for obtaining the certificate, this thesis will only address the environmental management process. Besides that, the realization of chemical analysis to the finished product became more frequent in order to prove the conformity of the products commercialized by Dias Ruivo. With the aim to reuse the solid waste that was generated, a study was conducted from which two products were produced from vegetable scraps. It should be noted that the innovation was achieved in partnership with Aquitex. These products are called Aquitan RS1 (hydrolysed vegetable scrap treated with sodium ligninosulfonate and glycerol) and Aquitan RS2 (hydrolysed vegetable scrap treated with glutaraldehyde and glycerol) and were tested in the retanning process of the article Natur by Dias Ruivo. For this study, the organoleptic properties were evaluated and the colour intensity, tear strength, tensile strength and cracking strength were analysed. At the end of the study, it was found that the sample that contained only Aquitan RS2 presented the best results, from which it can be inferred that this will be a viable product that regards waste reusage. However, the use of this product will only be feasible after large scale testing, so that its reliability is checked. Finally, the safety data sheets for the chemical products used in the industry were updated and work instructions were created for the various equipment, with the goal of facilitating their handling. In view of this, it’s verified that Dias Ruivo is in the process to obtain the LWG certification, but it is essential to give continuity to these improvements and to conclude the environmental management process.
Description
Keywords
Couro LWG Economia Circular Ambiente Resíduos Sistema de Gestão Leather Circular Economy Environment Waste Management System