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Abstract(s)
A utilização desmedida dos recursos que o nosso planeta dispõe, é um problema que as futuras gerações vão ter de enfrentar e resolver. Estes problemas ambientais acabam por ser reflexo de uma economia consumista. A mudança de mentalidade exige tempo, tempo esse que não dispomos. É por isso importante encontrar soluções de forma a minimizar o impacto ambiental do consumo excessivo de bens, como por exemplo, desenvolvendo produtos à base de elementos naturais e facilmente degradáveis, de forma que, os produtos no fim da sua vida útil tenham menor impacto nos ecossistemas. Neste seguimento, pretende-se estudar a viabilidade do fabrico de um biocompósito, recorrendo a castanha não comercializável. O biocompósito em causa deverá ser produzido recorrendo ao método de compressão a quente, que exige uma prensa hidráulica capaz de aplicar a pressão e temperatura durante um certo tempo. De uma forma geral, as prensas
desenvolvidas para este processo são de elevada complexidade e com periféricos relativamente complexos. No entanto, no âmbito do estudo dos materiais compósitos, em que se realizam muitos testes com compósitos de pequenas dimensões, pode-se desenvolver equipamentos mais simples para se realizar estes ciclos de testes. Neste sentido, desenvolveu-se um protótipo de uma prensa de compressão a quente com alguma simplicidade, fazendo uso de periféricos simples para testar este e outros compósitos. Para se realizar a otimização do compósito foram feitos diversos testes para se encontrar a composição e os parâmetros do processo de compressão a quente mais adequados. No que à prensa diz respeito, fez-se o estudo e fabrico do molde para a produção de uma prova de conceito com o biocompósito otimizado, bem como todos os sistemas de aquecimento e arrefecimento necessários. A prova de conceito terá como aplicação a decoração de interiores. Foram realizados testes mecânicos e químicos ao biocompósito otimizado, de forma a
caracterizá-lo, e foram feitos testes para avaliar o correto funcionamento da prensa para compressão a quente desenvolvida. Por fim, e no seguimento dos estudos efetuados, conclui-se que o biocompósito foi possível de
produzir, apresentando propriedades adequadas para a aplicação escolhida. Sendo um material natural, os resultados tendem a ser heterogéneos, no entanto possíveis de replicar em condições adequadas.
The excessive use of the resources that our planet provides is a problem that future generations will have to face and solve. These environmental problems are ultimately a reflection of a consumerist economy. Changing this mindset takes time, time that we do not have. Therefore, it is important to find solutions to minimize the environmental impact of the excessive consumption of goods, such as developing products made from natural and easily degradable elements, so that products at the end of their useful life have less impact on Ecosystems. In this context, the aim is to study the feasibility of manufacturing a biocomposite using Noncommercial chestnuts. The biocomposite in question should be produced using the hot compression method, which requires a hydraulic press capable of applying pressure and temperature for a certain period of time. Generally, presses developed for this process are highly complex and come with relatively complex peripherals. However, within the scope of composite material studies, where many tests are conducted on small-sized composites, simpler equipment can be developed to carry out these test cycles. In this sense, a prototype of a hot compression press with some simplicity was developed, using simple peripherals to test this and other composites. To optimize the composite, several tests were conducted to determine the most suitable composition and hot compression process parameters. As for the press, the mold was studied and manufactured to produce a proof of concept with the optimized biocomposite, as well as all the necessary heating and cooling systems. The proof of concept will be applied to interior decoration. Mechanical and chemical tests were carried out on the optimized biocomposite to characterize it, and tests were conducted to evaluate the proper functioning of the developed hot compression press. Finally, following the studies carried out, it was concluded that the biocomposite was feasible to produce, showing suitable properties for the chosen application. As it is a natural material, the results tend to be heterogeneous, but they are replicable under appropriate conditions.
The excessive use of the resources that our planet provides is a problem that future generations will have to face and solve. These environmental problems are ultimately a reflection of a consumerist economy. Changing this mindset takes time, time that we do not have. Therefore, it is important to find solutions to minimize the environmental impact of the excessive consumption of goods, such as developing products made from natural and easily degradable elements, so that products at the end of their useful life have less impact on Ecosystems. In this context, the aim is to study the feasibility of manufacturing a biocomposite using Noncommercial chestnuts. The biocomposite in question should be produced using the hot compression method, which requires a hydraulic press capable of applying pressure and temperature for a certain period of time. Generally, presses developed for this process are highly complex and come with relatively complex peripherals. However, within the scope of composite material studies, where many tests are conducted on small-sized composites, simpler equipment can be developed to carry out these test cycles. In this sense, a prototype of a hot compression press with some simplicity was developed, using simple peripherals to test this and other composites. To optimize the composite, several tests were conducted to determine the most suitable composition and hot compression process parameters. As for the press, the mold was studied and manufactured to produce a proof of concept with the optimized biocomposite, as well as all the necessary heating and cooling systems. The proof of concept will be applied to interior decoration. Mechanical and chemical tests were carried out on the optimized biocomposite to characterize it, and tests were conducted to evaluate the proper functioning of the developed hot compression press. Finally, following the studies carried out, it was concluded that the biocomposite was feasible to produce, showing suitable properties for the chosen application. As it is a natural material, the results tend to be heterogeneous, but they are replicable under appropriate conditions.
Description
Keywords
Hydraulic press Hot compression Composite materials Natural fiber composites Chestnuts Mold Prensa hidráulica Compressão a quente Materiais compósitos Biocompósitos Castanhas Molde