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Publication
Simulação Dinâmica do Edifício E do ISEP
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| 6.19 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a realização de uma simulação dinâmica do Edifício E
do Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), com vista à análise do seu desempenho
energético e identificação de medidas de melhoria que contribuam para a redução dos
consumos e das emissões associadas.
Numa fase inicial, foi efetuado o levantamento detalhado dos equipamentos elétricos
existentes no edifício, bem como da sua taxa de ocupação e dos sistemas de aquecimento,
ventilação e ar condicionado (AVAC) em funcionamento. Posteriormente, procedeu-se à
modelação do edifício recorrendo ao software OpenStudio, onde foram introduzidos todos os
elementos construtivos relevantes, nomeadamente paredes, coberturas, pavimentos e vãos
envidraçados, de forma a representar fielmente a envolvente térmica do edifício.
Os resultados iniciais da simulação evidenciaram um consumo total anual de 558,45 MWh, valor
significativamente superior ao consumo faturado de 240,13 MWh, representando uma
diferença de 236%. A análise permitiu concluir que os principais consumidores de energia
correspondem ao servidor associado ao edifício, responsável por cerca de 39% do consumo
total, e aos equipamentos de arrefecimento, com aproximadamente 32%.
De modo a reduzir as discrepâncias entre os resultados simulados e os valores reais, foram
realizadas várias calibrações ao modelo, ajustando-se o funcionamento e os horários dos
equipamentos de AVAC, bem como os perfis de utilização e de cargas internas. Após este
processo, obteve-se uma diferença de apenas 17% face ao consumo real, valor considerado
aceitável para efeitos de validação do modelo.
Numa fase posterior, foram estudadas diversas medidas de melhoria energética, abrangendo
três eixos principais: melhoria da envolvente opaca e envidraçada, substituição e otimização de
equipamentos por soluções de maior eficiência, e integração de sistemas de produção de
energia renovável. A aplicação combinada destas medidas permitiu reduzir o consumo anual
do edifício para 201 MWh, o que representa uma diminuição significativa face ao cenário de
referência.
Por fim, a instalação de uma central fotovoltaica com 440 m² de painéis solares demonstrou
um elevado potencial de autoconsumo, permitindo cobrir aproximadamente 78% da energia
total necessária ao edifício. Estes resultados comprovam a eficácia das medidas propostas e
evidenciam a importância da simulação dinâmica como ferramenta de apoio à decisão na
reabilitação energética de edifícios de serviços.
The present work aims to perform a dynamic simulation of Building E of the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), with the purpose of analysing its energy performance and identifying improvement measures that contribute to reducing energy consumption and associated emissions. Initially, a detailed survey of the existing electrical equipment, occupancy profiles, and HVAC systems was carried out. The building was then modelled using OpenStudio, incorporating all relevant construction elements such as walls, roofs, floors, and glazed areas, in order to accurately represent the thermal envelope of the building. The initial simulation results indicated an annual total energy consumption of 558.45 MWh, significantly higher than the billed consumption of 240.13 MWh, corresponding to a 236% deviation. The analysis revealed that the server room accounted for approximately 39% of total energy use, while cooling equipment represented around 32%. Several calibration stages were performed, adjusting HVAC operating schedules and internal loads to better match real conditions. After calibration, the difference between simulated and real consumption was reduced to 17%, which is considered acceptable for model validation. Subsequently, various energy efficiency measures were proposed, focusing on three main areas: improvement of the building envelope, replacement of existing equipment with more efficient systems, and integration of renewable energy sources. Implementing these measures reduced the total annual energy consumption to 201 MWh. Finally, the installation of a 440 m² photovoltaic system demonstrated a strong selfconsumption potential, capable of supplying approximately 78% of the building’s total energy demand. These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed strategies and highlight the relevance of dynamic simulation as a decision-support tool for the energy rehabilitation of service buildings.
The present work aims to perform a dynamic simulation of Building E of the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP), with the purpose of analysing its energy performance and identifying improvement measures that contribute to reducing energy consumption and associated emissions. Initially, a detailed survey of the existing electrical equipment, occupancy profiles, and HVAC systems was carried out. The building was then modelled using OpenStudio, incorporating all relevant construction elements such as walls, roofs, floors, and glazed areas, in order to accurately represent the thermal envelope of the building. The initial simulation results indicated an annual total energy consumption of 558.45 MWh, significantly higher than the billed consumption of 240.13 MWh, corresponding to a 236% deviation. The analysis revealed that the server room accounted for approximately 39% of total energy use, while cooling equipment represented around 32%. Several calibration stages were performed, adjusting HVAC operating schedules and internal loads to better match real conditions. After calibration, the difference between simulated and real consumption was reduced to 17%, which is considered acceptable for model validation. Subsequently, various energy efficiency measures were proposed, focusing on three main areas: improvement of the building envelope, replacement of existing equipment with more efficient systems, and integration of renewable energy sources. Implementing these measures reduced the total annual energy consumption to 201 MWh. Finally, the installation of a 440 m² photovoltaic system demonstrated a strong selfconsumption potential, capable of supplying approximately 78% of the building’s total energy demand. These results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed strategies and highlight the relevance of dynamic simulation as a decision-support tool for the energy rehabilitation of service buildings.
Description
Keywords
dynamic simulation energy efficiency NZEB buildings OpenStudio EnergyPlus Simulação dinâmica Edifício de serviços Eficiência energética Painéis fotovoltaicos Calibração de modelos