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Redução do impacto ambiental das embalagens plásticas
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Este projeto de estágio teve como objetivo contribuir para a redução do impacto ambiental das
embalagens plásticas produzidas na unidade industrial da Colep Packaging Portugal, S.A., com foco
em dois eixos fundamentais: a reciclabilidade das embalagens e a incorporação de material
reciclado na sua produção, à luz das exigências crescentes impostas pelo novo Regulamento
Europeu de Embalagens e Resíduos de Embalagens (PPWR 2025/40).
A metodologia adotada para a avaliação da reciclabilidade baseou-se na ferramenta RecyClass,
amplamente reconhecida a nível europeu, que classifica a reciclabilidade de embalagens com base
na sua composição técnica. Foram analisadas 129 embalagens plásticas, agrupadas por similaridade
de características.
Das 129 embalagens avaliadas, 89 obtiveram a classificação A, das quais 4 já incorporam material
reciclado, o que representa 69% do total. Outras 15 embalagens, 12%, receberam a classificação B.
Um total de 13 embalagens, 10%, foram classificadas como C. Por fim, 12 embalagens, ou seja, 9%
do total analisado, foram classificadas como não recicláveis.
No que diz respeito à incorporação de material reciclado, apenas 6 das 129 embalagens analisadas
(4,65%) incluem polímero reciclado. As 6 pertencem à categoria de “outras embalagens de
plástico”, sujeita a uma meta mínima de 35% até 2030, segundo o PPWR. Quatro dessas
embalagens já cumprem esse objetivo, enquanto duas permanecem abaixo dos limiares definidos,
não cumprindo as metas estipuladas para 2030 nem 2040. Dessa forma, foram realizados ensaios
com os 3 tipos de reciclado disponíveis na unidade industrial, visando avaliar a viabilidade da
incorporação de pelo menos 35%. Os resultados demostraram a viabilidade técnica dessa alteração,
sendo observadas apenas algumas mudanças no aspeto visual, sem comprometimento das
propriedades mecânicas. Com base nestes resultados, foram definidas recomendações técnicas de
forma a mitigar os impactos visuais da utilização de reciclado.
O estudo culmina num conjunto de recomendações técnicas com vista à melhoria da reciclabilidade
no caso de classificação B, C ou não reciclável e à expansão da incorporação de reciclado nas
embalagens que não o incorporam, promovendo a circularidade das embalagens e atendendo os
requisitos definidos no PPWR.
This internship project aims to contribute to reducing the environmental impact of plastic packaging produced at Colep Packaging Portugal, S.A., focusing on two main aspects: packaging recyclability and the incorporation of recycled material into their production, in light of the growing requirements imposed by the new European Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR 2025/40). The methodology adopted for evaluating recyclability was based on the RecyClass tool, broadly recognized at European level, which assesses packaging's recyclability based on its technical composition. A total of 129 plastic packaging items were analysed and grouped according to similarity of characteristics. Among the 129 packaging items evaluated, 89 were classified as A, representing 69% of the total, of which 4 already incorporate recycled material. Another 15 were classified as B (12%); 13 were classified as C (10%); and 12 were classified as non-recyclable (9% of the total). With regard to the incorporation of recycled material, only 6 of the 129 packaging items analysed (4,65%) were found to incorporate recycled polymer. All 6 belong to the “other plastic packaging” category, which is subject to a minimum 35% recycled content target by 2030 under PPWR. Four of these packaging already achieve this objective, while two remain below the defined thresholds and do not satisfy the 2030 or 2040 goals. Therefore, tests were carried out with 3 types of recycled material available at the industrial site to assess the technical feasibility of adding at least 35%. The results demonstrated the technical viability of this change, with only minor visual alterations observed and no compromise to mechanical properties. Based on these results, technical recommendations were defined to help mitigate the visual impacts of using recycled material. The study concludes with a set of technical recommendations aimed at improving the recyclability of packaging classified as B, C, or non-recyclable and at extending the incorporation of recycled content into packaging that currently does not use it, thereby promoting packaging circularity and complying with the upcoming PPWR.
This internship project aims to contribute to reducing the environmental impact of plastic packaging produced at Colep Packaging Portugal, S.A., focusing on two main aspects: packaging recyclability and the incorporation of recycled material into their production, in light of the growing requirements imposed by the new European Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR 2025/40). The methodology adopted for evaluating recyclability was based on the RecyClass tool, broadly recognized at European level, which assesses packaging's recyclability based on its technical composition. A total of 129 plastic packaging items were analysed and grouped according to similarity of characteristics. Among the 129 packaging items evaluated, 89 were classified as A, representing 69% of the total, of which 4 already incorporate recycled material. Another 15 were classified as B (12%); 13 were classified as C (10%); and 12 were classified as non-recyclable (9% of the total). With regard to the incorporation of recycled material, only 6 of the 129 packaging items analysed (4,65%) were found to incorporate recycled polymer. All 6 belong to the “other plastic packaging” category, which is subject to a minimum 35% recycled content target by 2030 under PPWR. Four of these packaging already achieve this objective, while two remain below the defined thresholds and do not satisfy the 2030 or 2040 goals. Therefore, tests were carried out with 3 types of recycled material available at the industrial site to assess the technical feasibility of adding at least 35%. The results demonstrated the technical viability of this change, with only minor visual alterations observed and no compromise to mechanical properties. Based on these results, technical recommendations were defined to help mitigate the visual impacts of using recycled material. The study concludes with a set of technical recommendations aimed at improving the recyclability of packaging classified as B, C, or non-recyclable and at extending the incorporation of recycled content into packaging that currently does not use it, thereby promoting packaging circularity and complying with the upcoming PPWR.
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Keywords: Sustainability Plastic Packaging Recyclability Recycled Content PPWR Sustentabilidade Embalagens plásticas Reciclabilidade Incorporação de reciclado