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Abstract(s)
Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito da disciplina de dissertação, do 2º ano de mestrado na área de Energia em Engenharia Mecânica, no Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). O presente trabalho, analisa o desempenho económico e energético de um edifício, que utiliza os bancos de gelo como parte integrante do seu sistema de climatização (AVAC). Os bancos de gelo utilizam a água como material de mudança de fase, de tal modo que, detém de uma grande capacidade de armazenar ou libertar energia aquando da fusão ou da solidificação, revelando-se útil para o arrefecimento ambiente. Quando a sociedade foi confrontada com o aumento dos preços dos combustíveis devido à industrialização e avanços tecnológicos, procurou soluções alternativas. Visto que as energias renováveis podem ser intermitentes, ao contrário das fontes de energia convencionais, a utilização de sistemas de armazenamento de energia térmica tornouse interessante para reduzir os custos de exploração dos edifícios. Como objeto de estudo, considerou-se o edifício Hotel Royal Savoy, localizado na cidade do Funchal, cuja produção de energia térmica do sistema de AVAC para arrefecimento é baseada em 2 chillers produtores de água refrigerada e em 5 bancos de gelo como componentes de armazenamento de energia térmica. À realização do estudo está subjacente a sua simulação energética, a qual utilizou como ferramenta de cálculo o software de simulação energética Energy Plus que, por sua vez, utiliza o CYPE como interface. A acumulação de energia térmica sob a forma de gelo permite transferir a carga elétrica requerida ao funcionamento dos chillers, devida às necessidades de arrefecimento, para o período noturno. Esta situação permite usufruir de uma tarifa operacional da energia elétrica mais baixa e diminuir, assim, as necessidades energéticas de pico exigidas à rede elétrica. Avaliou-se a viabilidade económica da utilização dos bancos de gelo através de diferentes estratégias operacionais afetas ao consumo de gelo e à produção de frio.
This work was developed as part of the dissertation subject, from the 2nd year of the master's degree in Mechanical Engineering, at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). This paper analyzes the economic and energy performance of a building using ice banks as part of its HVAC system. Ice banks use water as a phase change material so that they have a large capacity to store and release energy during melting and solidification, revealing to be useful for ambient cooling. When society was confronted with rising fuel prices due to industrialization and technological advances, it sought alternative solutions. Since renewable energy may be intermittent, unlike conventional energy sources, the use of thermal energy storage systems has become interesting to reduce the operating costs of buildings. The object of study was the Hotel Royal Savoy building, located in Funchal, whose thermal power production from the HVAC cooling system is based on 2 chilled water chillers and 5 ice banks for thermal energy storage. Underlying the study is its energy simulation, which used the Energy Plus energy simulation software as a calculation tool, which in turn uses CYPE as interface tool. The accumulation of thermal energy in the form of ice allows the required electrical charge from the chillers, due to cooling needs, to be transferred to the night. This allows to benefit from a lower electricity tariff and thus reduces the peak energy requirements of the electricity grid. The economic feasibility of using ice banks through different operational strategies related to ice consumption and cold production was evaluated.
This work was developed as part of the dissertation subject, from the 2nd year of the master's degree in Mechanical Engineering, at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). This paper analyzes the economic and energy performance of a building using ice banks as part of its HVAC system. Ice banks use water as a phase change material so that they have a large capacity to store and release energy during melting and solidification, revealing to be useful for ambient cooling. When society was confronted with rising fuel prices due to industrialization and technological advances, it sought alternative solutions. Since renewable energy may be intermittent, unlike conventional energy sources, the use of thermal energy storage systems has become interesting to reduce the operating costs of buildings. The object of study was the Hotel Royal Savoy building, located in Funchal, whose thermal power production from the HVAC cooling system is based on 2 chilled water chillers and 5 ice banks for thermal energy storage. Underlying the study is its energy simulation, which used the Energy Plus energy simulation software as a calculation tool, which in turn uses CYPE as interface tool. The accumulation of thermal energy in the form of ice allows the required electrical charge from the chillers, due to cooling needs, to be transferred to the night. This allows to benefit from a lower electricity tariff and thus reduces the peak energy requirements of the electricity grid. The economic feasibility of using ice banks through different operational strategies related to ice consumption and cold production was evaluated.
Description
Keywords
Banco de gelo Simulação energética Custos energéticos Utilização racional de energia Carga térmica de arrefecimento Consumo energético Armazenamento de energia térmica Sistemas AVAC Armazenamento de calor latente Ice bank Energy simulation Energy costs Rational use of energy Cooling thermal load Energy consumption Thermal energy storage HVAC systems Latent heat storage