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Abstract(s)
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease with a multifactorial nature, that affects more than 50 million people worlwide and is the most common cause of dementia among older adults. Due to its crescent prevalence and devastating life consequences, continuous efforts have been made to better understand. AD’s biological causes and discover novel therapeutics that can give a proper therapeutic answer to this neurodegenerative condition. Available therapeutic options can only ameliorate symptoms and sometimes cause additional side effetcs. Cyanobacteria are a rich source of interesting secondary metabolites and bioactive compounds with beneficial properties and an array of diferente applications. In this light, we aim toasses the therapeutic potential of 96 fractions of cyanobacterial methanolic extracts based on cytotoxicity in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line, in the fibroblastos 3T3L1 cell line, and in the brain microvascular endotelial hCMEC/D3 cell line, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity. Four fractions, in the MTT assay, showed cytotoxicity on neuroblastoma cell lines, fibroblastos, and endotelial cells. The fractions of the cuanobacteria strains Oxynema acuminatum LEGE 06072B and C, Synechocystis salina LEGE 06155 A and B, and Cyanobium sp. LEGE 07175 E, F, and G, demonstrated the most promising results in relation to AChE inhibition activity with inhibition percentages of 38.37%; 43.03%; 32.17%; 30.75%;36.91%; 34.65% and 34.12%, respectively, showing no cytotoxic effects on SH-SY5Y, 3T3-L1 and hCMEC/D3 cell lines. These are also the cyanobacteria strains that revealed the best extraction yields, of 18.250%, 17.804% and 21.047%, respectively. According to the results, cyanobacteria represente significant promise for new therapeutic approaches for AD, however, more studies are needed to deepen the understanding of the therapeutic poential of these microorganisms.
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Keywords
Alzheimer´s disease Acetylcholinesterase Cytotoxicity Natural products