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Funcionalização de substratos têxteis com lenhosulfonatos
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Abstract(s)
O setor têxtil é um dos maiores responsáveis pela poluição mundial. A utilização de matérias primas
sintéticas e tóxicas de fontes não renováveis, como os combustíveis fósseis, contribui para
o aquecimento global, poluição da água e tem consequências negativas na saúde humana e no
ecossistema. Assim, a substituição das fibras sintéticas e compostos químicos utilizados nos
processos de modificação têxtil é fundamental. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a funcionalização
de fibras celulósicas de liocel com lenhosulfonatos, um subproduto da indústria da pasta de
papel, a fim de obter um têxtil com diversas propriedades funcionais.
Primeiramente, estudou-se a funcionalização dos tecidos não-tecidos de liocel com
lenhosulfonatos sem pré-tratamento. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que o têxtil não
apresenta grande solidez á lavagem. Desta forma, foi necessário aplicar um pré-tratamento
cationizante para melhorar este aspeto. Neste trabalho foram usados dois cationizantes
comerciais (Denimcol FIX-GF e Tanafix WRD-E), que foram usados como referência para avaliar a
eficiência de um biocationizante, o quitosano. O pré-tratamento teve resultados positivos,
melhorando o rendimento da funcionalização e a solidez à lavagem. Os melhores resultados
foram obtidos quando se efetuou uma cationização por esgotamento a 60 °C, utilizando 1 % de
quitosano, seguida da funcionalização com lenhosulfonatos por foulardagem. Os substratos
obtidos pelo processo selecionado, funcionalizados com concentrações de 5, 10, 20 e 30 % de
lenhosulfonatos, com e sem pré-tratamento de quitosano foram caracterizados. O objetivo foi
avaliar as diferentes propriedades adquiridas pelos substratos aquando da funcionalização com
diferentes concentrações de lenhosulfonatos.
Os resultados indicam que, pela adição de lenhosulfonatos, os substratos têxteis obtêm não
só uma cor castanha forte, mas também propriedades funcionais como ação antibacteriana e
antioxidante e proteção 50+ contra a radiação ultravioleta.
Desta forma, é possível afirmar que os lenhosulfonatos têm muito potencial como agentes
de funcionalização orgânicos e biodegradáveis de tecidos não-tecidos de liocel, sendo possível o
desenvolvimento de materiais com várias propriedades funcionais alinhados com os obje6vos
sustentáveis da indústria têxtil.
The textile industry is one of the main contributors to global pollution. The use of toxic, synthetic raw materials from non-renewable resources, such as fossil fuel, contributes to global warming, water pollution and has serious negative consequences on human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, the substitution of synthe6c fibers and chemicals used during textile modification processes is fundamental. The goal of the present work is to functionalize nonwoven made up of cellulosic lyocell fibers with lignosulfonates, a byproduct of the paper industry, in order to obtain textile materials with functional properties. Firstly, the functionaliza6on of lyocell nonwovens with lignosulfonates without any pretreatment was investigated. However, it was found that the func6onalized textile substrates exhibited no wash fastness. Consequently, it was imperative to investigate the effect of a cationic pre-treatment, extensively documented in the literature, using commercial ca6tionic agents (Denimcol FIX-GF and Tanafix WRD-E). These agents later served as a reference to assess the performance of a bio-cationic agent, chitosan. The pre-treatment yielded positive results with both chitosan and the commercial cationic agents, enhancing the functionalization efficiency and the wash fastness. An optimization of the modification process was conducted, identifying the cationization by exhaustion at 60 °C with 1 % chitosan, followed by functionalization with lignosulfonates via padding, as the procedure that provides the best uniformity and intensity of coloration. Finally, the lyocell nonwovens modified by the selected process with 5, 10, 20 and 30 % lignosulfonates, with and without chitosan pre-treatment, were characterized. The goal was to assess the various properties acquired during functionalization at different lignosulfonate concentrations and compare the results obtained for the nonwoven modified with and without pre-treatment. The results indicate that the incorpora6on of lignosulfonates in textile substrates imparts not only a strong brown color but also functional properties such as antibacterial and antioxidant activity, as well as SPF 50+ protec6on against ultraviolet radiation. Ultimately, this study allows us to conclude that lignosulfonates have significant potential as organic, biodegradable functionalization agents for lyocell nonwovens, enabling the development of materials with multiple functional properties, while also being aligned with the sustainable goals of the textile industry.
The textile industry is one of the main contributors to global pollution. The use of toxic, synthetic raw materials from non-renewable resources, such as fossil fuel, contributes to global warming, water pollution and has serious negative consequences on human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, the substitution of synthe6c fibers and chemicals used during textile modification processes is fundamental. The goal of the present work is to functionalize nonwoven made up of cellulosic lyocell fibers with lignosulfonates, a byproduct of the paper industry, in order to obtain textile materials with functional properties. Firstly, the functionaliza6on of lyocell nonwovens with lignosulfonates without any pretreatment was investigated. However, it was found that the func6onalized textile substrates exhibited no wash fastness. Consequently, it was imperative to investigate the effect of a cationic pre-treatment, extensively documented in the literature, using commercial ca6tionic agents (Denimcol FIX-GF and Tanafix WRD-E). These agents later served as a reference to assess the performance of a bio-cationic agent, chitosan. The pre-treatment yielded positive results with both chitosan and the commercial cationic agents, enhancing the functionalization efficiency and the wash fastness. An optimization of the modification process was conducted, identifying the cationization by exhaustion at 60 °C with 1 % chitosan, followed by functionalization with lignosulfonates via padding, as the procedure that provides the best uniformity and intensity of coloration. Finally, the lyocell nonwovens modified by the selected process with 5, 10, 20 and 30 % lignosulfonates, with and without chitosan pre-treatment, were characterized. The goal was to assess the various properties acquired during functionalization at different lignosulfonate concentrations and compare the results obtained for the nonwoven modified with and without pre-treatment. The results indicate that the incorpora6on of lignosulfonates in textile substrates imparts not only a strong brown color but also functional properties such as antibacterial and antioxidant activity, as well as SPF 50+ protec6on against ultraviolet radiation. Ultimately, this study allows us to conclude that lignosulfonates have significant potential as organic, biodegradable functionalization agents for lyocell nonwovens, enabling the development of materials with multiple functional properties, while also being aligned with the sustainable goals of the textile industry.
Description
Keywords
Textile industry Sustainability Lignosulfonates Lyocell Chitosan Functional textiles Indústria têxtil Sustentabilidade Lenhosulfonatos Liocel Quitosano Têxteis funcionais