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Dimensionamento de sistemas mecânicos de controlo de fumos em edifícios
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| 14.52 MB | Adobe PDF |
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente tese pretende explorar o dimensionamento de sistemas mecânicos de controlo de fumos em edifícios, assegurando a proteção dos ocupantes e o cumprimento das exigências regulamentares. O trabalho aborda os princípios da combustão, a propagação de fumos, os métodos de controlo de fumos e os principais componentes existentes nos sistemas, bem como o enquadramento legal e normativo aplicável. É desenvolvido um caso prático relativo a um edifício de habitação coletiva, no qual são aplicados métodos de cálculo de caudais, seleção e modelação de ventiladores incluídos no sistema, apoiados em ferramentas de modelação digital e seleção de equipamentos. Após a instalação do sistema, foram realizados ensaios experimentais com medições de velocidade e testes com fumo artificial, que permitiram avaliar a eficácia e bom funcionamento da solução implementada. Embora apresentando discrepâncias pontuais no desempenho de determinados ventiladores, estas não comprometeram o funcionamento global do sistema nem os objetivos definidos. A análise realizada confirma a relevância da integração entre contexto teórico, dimensionamento técnico e validação experimental, contribuindo para a melhoria da segurança contra incêndios em contextos residenciais e reforçando a importância de soluções de engenharia rigorosas tendo em vista a proteção de seres humanos e património.
This thesis aims to explore the design of mechanical smoke control systems in buildings, ensuring the protection of occupants and compliance with regulatory requirements. The work addresses the principles of combustion, smoke propagation, smoke control methods, and the main components of such systems, as well as the applicable legal and normative framework. A practical case study was developed for a residential building, in which airflow calculations, fan selection and modelling were applied, supported by digital modelling tools and equipment specification. After the system was installed, experimental tests were conducted, including air velocity measurements and artificial smoke tests, which allowed for the evaluation of the effectiveness and proper functioning of the implemented solution. Although some punctual discrepancies were observed in the performance of certain fans, these did not compromise the overall functioning of the system or the defined objectives. The analysis confirms the relevance of integrating theoretical background, technical design, and experimental validation, contributing to the improvement of fire safety in residential contexts and reinforcing the importance of rigorous engineering solutions aimed at safeguarding both human life and property.
This thesis aims to explore the design of mechanical smoke control systems in buildings, ensuring the protection of occupants and compliance with regulatory requirements. The work addresses the principles of combustion, smoke propagation, smoke control methods, and the main components of such systems, as well as the applicable legal and normative framework. A practical case study was developed for a residential building, in which airflow calculations, fan selection and modelling were applied, supported by digital modelling tools and equipment specification. After the system was installed, experimental tests were conducted, including air velocity measurements and artificial smoke tests, which allowed for the evaluation of the effectiveness and proper functioning of the implemented solution. Although some punctual discrepancies were observed in the performance of certain fans, these did not compromise the overall functioning of the system or the defined objectives. The analysis confirms the relevance of integrating theoretical background, technical design, and experimental validation, contributing to the improvement of fire safety in residential contexts and reinforcing the importance of rigorous engineering solutions aimed at safeguarding both human life and property.
Description
Keywords
Fire safety Smoke control Ventilation system design Pressurization Segurança contra incêndios Controlo de fumos Dimensionamento de sistemas de ventilação Pressurização