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Fractional order dynamics in classical electromagnetic phenomena

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The Maxwell equations play a fundamental role in the well established formulation of the electromagnetic theory. These equations lead to the derivation of precise mathematical models useful in many applications in physics and engineering. The Maxwell equations involve only the integer-order calculus and, therefore, it is natural that the resulting classical models adopted in electrical engineering reflect this perspective. Recently, a closer look of some phenomena present in electrical systems, such as motors, transformers and lines, and the motivation towards the development of comprehensive models, seem to point out the requirement for a fractional calculus approach. Bearing these ideas in mind, in this study we shall address the well-known ‘skin effect’ and we reevaluate the results demonstrating its fractional-order dynamics.

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Skin effect Eddy currents Electromagnetism Fractional calculus Dynamical systems

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