| Name: | Description: | Size: | Format: | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 15.52 MB | Adobe PDF |
Authors
Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A indústria metalomecânica representa um setor bastante heterogéneo e integra um conjunto alargado de atividades industriais, apresentando uma grande influência na economia mundial. O avanço tecnológico ao longo dos anos permitiu o desenvolvimento de novas técnicas de fabrico que promoveram uma melhoria da qualidade e da produtividade dos bens fabricados, o que levou a um significativo aumento da competitividade no setor. De forma a acompanhar o crescimento exponencial do mercado, a automatização apresenta-se como uma boa oportunidade para uma empresa não ser ultrapassada pela concorrência. É neste sentido que a presente dissertação se contextualiza. De facto, devido à inutilização de um pórtico de soldadura e face à necessidade de realizar cortes complexos em tubos de grandes dimensões, a Martifer pretende a readaptação do pórtico de soldadura para uma máquina de corte de tubo semiautomática. Este projeto abrange várias áreas do setor da engenharia, na medida em que a proposta de trabalho engloba todos os aspetos intrínsecos ao bom funcionamento da máquina. O desenvolvimento deste projeto passa pelo estudo de grupos de análise específicos, nomeadamente o suporte de tubos, a bucha fixadora, o processo de corte, o recondicionamento do controlador e, por fim, o sistema de extração de fumos. É ainda de salientar que o suporte de tubos é o grupo de análise cujo estudo foi realizado de forma mais pormenorizada, uma vez que este, devido à escassa oferta do mercado, é projetado para ser fabricado internamente, com o intuito de se apresentar como um suporte de tubos robusto e inovador. A readaptação do pórtico existente em chão de fábrica permitiu realizar o corte de forma semiautomática, à qual está associada um aumento da produtividade do processo de corte de tubos de 446%, comparativamente ao corte manual, utilizado até à data na Martifer. As modificações implementadas e respetiva automação resultaram ainda numa redução dos custos de processo de aproximadamente 355%, o que permite que a readaptação do pórtico seja amortizada em 36 meses.
The metalworking industry represents a very heterogeneous sector and integrates a wide range of industrial activities, with a great influence on the world economy. Technological advances over the years enabled the development of new manufacturing techniques that promoted an improvement in the quality and productivity of manufactured goods, which led to a significant increase in competitiveness in the sector. To keep up with the exponential growth of the market, automation presents itself as a good opportunity for a company not to be overtaken by the competition. It is in this sense that this dissertation is contextualized. In fact, due to the lack of use of a welding frame and given the need to perform complex cuts in large tubes, Martifer intends to retrofit the welding frame to a semi-automatic tube cutting machine. This project covers several areas of the engineering sector, as the work proposal encompasses all aspects intrinsic to the proper functioning of the machine. The development of this project involves the study of specific analysis groups, namely the tube support, the fastening chuck, the cutting process, the controller reconditioning and, finally, the smoke extraction system. It should also be noted that the tube support is the analysis group whose study was carried out in more detail, since this, due to the limited availability in the market, is designed to be manufactured in-house, with the aim of presenting itself as a robust and innovative tube support. The re-adaptation of the existing frame on the factory floor allowed for semi-automatic cutting, which is associated with an increase in the productivity of the pipe cutting process of 446%, compared to manual cutting, currently used at Martifer. The implemented modifications and respective automation also resulted in a reduction in process costs of approximately 355%, which allows the re-adaptation of the frame to be amortized in 36 months.
The metalworking industry represents a very heterogeneous sector and integrates a wide range of industrial activities, with a great influence on the world economy. Technological advances over the years enabled the development of new manufacturing techniques that promoted an improvement in the quality and productivity of manufactured goods, which led to a significant increase in competitiveness in the sector. To keep up with the exponential growth of the market, automation presents itself as a good opportunity for a company not to be overtaken by the competition. It is in this sense that this dissertation is contextualized. In fact, due to the lack of use of a welding frame and given the need to perform complex cuts in large tubes, Martifer intends to retrofit the welding frame to a semi-automatic tube cutting machine. This project covers several areas of the engineering sector, as the work proposal encompasses all aspects intrinsic to the proper functioning of the machine. The development of this project involves the study of specific analysis groups, namely the tube support, the fastening chuck, the cutting process, the controller reconditioning and, finally, the smoke extraction system. It should also be noted that the tube support is the analysis group whose study was carried out in more detail, since this, due to the limited availability in the market, is designed to be manufactured in-house, with the aim of presenting itself as a robust and innovative tube support. The re-adaptation of the existing frame on the factory floor allowed for semi-automatic cutting, which is associated with an increase in the productivity of the pipe cutting process of 446%, compared to manual cutting, currently used at Martifer. The implemented modifications and respective automation also resulted in a reduction in process costs of approximately 355%, which allows the re-adaptation of the frame to be amortized in 36 months.
Description
Keywords
Projeto mecânico, Método de elementos finitos Recondicionamento de equipamentos Sistema de corte de tubos Automação Produtividade Mechanical design Finite element method Equipment reconditioning Tube cutting system Automation Productivity