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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar a estabilidade de taludes em explorações a céu aberto e demonstrar a importância de estudos geológicos, geotécnicos, e geomecânicos em taludes rochosos, mais precisamente no centro de exploração Curviã nº 2 (Vila Nova de Famalicão), propriedade da empresa Secil Britas SA. Este estudo envolveu, numa primeira fase, a caracterização da área em questão a nível geológico, geotécnico e geomorfológico e numa fase mais avançada a cartografia do zonamento geotécnico e geomecânico, assim como o estudo da estabilidade dos taludes recorrendo à aplicação de classificações geomecânicas e de perigosidade e a modelação geotécnica. Com recurso à técnica de amostragem linear foi recolhida toda a informação geológica‐geotécnica dos taludes em estudo e avaliado o índice de resistência à compressão uniaxial do maciço rochoso. De seguida, toda a informação foi compilada numa base de dados, que permitiu o estudo de compartimentação do maciço assim como o zonamento geotécnico e a respetiva cartografia. De modo a efetuar uma classificação geomecânica e de estabilidade aplicaram‐se as classificações geomecânicas (RMR, SMR, GSI, Q‐System, SQR e Q‐Slope).
Assim, as classificações SMR, SQR e Q‐Slope em conjunto com o Teste de Markland permitiram avaliar a estabilidade dos taludes. Com o intuito de avaliar os mesmos quanto à suscetibilidade e nível de perigosidade aplicou‐se o sistema RHRSm2 e o índice de qualidade de taludes (SQI). Por fim, foram utilizados os programas Rocfall e Swedge da Rocscience para efetuar a modelação da queda de blocos em diferentes zonas da pedreira e dimensionamento das possíveis cunhas, respetivamente.
This dissertation aims to study the slope stability in open pit mine and to demonstrate the importance of geological, geotechnical and geomechanical investigations in rock slopes, particularly in Curviã nº2 (Vila Nova de Famalicão) quarry from the company Secil Britas SA. This study involved, in a first stage, the geological, geomorphological and geotechnical characterisation of the area and, at a later stage, the geotechnical and geomechanical zoning maps, as well as the study of the stability of the slopes using geomechanical classifications and geotechnical modelling. The scanline sampling technique was performed; all the geological and geotechnical information of the slopes under study was collected and the uniaxial compressive strength index of the rock mass was evaluated. Then, all the information was collected in a database, which allowed the study of the rock mass block size, as well as the geotechnical zoning mapping. Geomechanical classifications (RMR, SMR, GSI, Q‐System, SQR and Q‐Slope) was applied in order to perform a geomechanical and stability evaluation. Thus, the SMR, SQR and Q‐Slope classifications in combination with the Markland Test allowed the general evaluation of the slope stability. In order to evaluate them regarding the susceptibility and level of the geotechnical risk, the RHRSm2 system and slope quality index (SQI) were applied. Finally, the Rocscience software, particularly Rocfall and Swedge programs, was used to fall block modelling in different areas of the quarry and sizing of possible wedges, respectively.
This dissertation aims to study the slope stability in open pit mine and to demonstrate the importance of geological, geotechnical and geomechanical investigations in rock slopes, particularly in Curviã nº2 (Vila Nova de Famalicão) quarry from the company Secil Britas SA. This study involved, in a first stage, the geological, geomorphological and geotechnical characterisation of the area and, at a later stage, the geotechnical and geomechanical zoning maps, as well as the study of the stability of the slopes using geomechanical classifications and geotechnical modelling. The scanline sampling technique was performed; all the geological and geotechnical information of the slopes under study was collected and the uniaxial compressive strength index of the rock mass was evaluated. Then, all the information was collected in a database, which allowed the study of the rock mass block size, as well as the geotechnical zoning mapping. Geomechanical classifications (RMR, SMR, GSI, Q‐System, SQR and Q‐Slope) was applied in order to perform a geomechanical and stability evaluation. Thus, the SMR, SQR and Q‐Slope classifications in combination with the Markland Test allowed the general evaluation of the slope stability. In order to evaluate them regarding the susceptibility and level of the geotechnical risk, the RHRSm2 system and slope quality index (SQI) were applied. Finally, the Rocscience software, particularly Rocfall and Swedge programs, was used to fall block modelling in different areas of the quarry and sizing of possible wedges, respectively.
Description
Keywords
Pedreira Maciços rochosos Geotecnia de taludes Estabilidade de taludes Queda de blocos Quarry Rock masses Slope geotechnics Slope stability Rock fall