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- Data mining techniques for electricity customer characterizationPublication . Ramos, Sérgio Filipe Carvalho; Soares, João; Cembranel, Samuel S.; Tavares, Inês; Foroozandeh, Z.; Vale, Zita; Fernandes, RubipiaraThe liberalization of electricity markets has been resulted in the emergence of new players, increasing the competitiveness in the markets, standing those can provide better services for better prices. The knowledge of energy consumers’ profile has been an important tool to help players to make decisions in the electrical sectors. In this paper, a characterization model of typical load curves for Low Voltage (LV) customers is proposed and evaluated. The identification of consumption patterns is based on clustering analysis. The clustering methodology is based on seven algorithms, partitional and hierarchical. Also, five clustering validity indices are used to identify the best data partition. With the knowledge obtained in clustering analysis, a classification model is used to classify new customers according to their consumption data. The classification model is used to select the correct class for each customer. To make the model simple, each load curve is represented by three indices which represent load curves shape. The methodology used in this work demonstrates to be an effective tool and can be used in most diverse sectors, highlighting the use of knowledge in the optimization of the energy contracting for low voltage customers. The energy consumption data can be constantly updated to improve the model precision, finding estimates that can better represent consumers and their consumption habits.
- Data mining techniques contributions to support electrical vehicle demand responsePublication . Soares, João; Ramos, Sérgio; Vale, Zita; Morais, H.; Faria, PedroThe introduction of Electric Vehicles (EVs) together with the implementation of smart grids will raise new challenges to power system operators. This paper proposes a demand response program for electric vehicle users which provides the network operator with another useful resource that consists in reducing vehicles charging necessities. This demand response program enables vehicle users to get some profit by agreeing to reduce their travel necessities and minimum battery level requirements on a given period. To support network operator actions, the amount of demand response usage can be estimated using data mining techniques applied to a database containing a large set of operation scenarios. The paper includes a case study based on simulated operation scenarios that consider different operation conditions, e.g. available renewable generation, and considering a diversity of distributed resources and electric vehicles with vehicle-to-grid capacity and demand response capacity in a 33 bus distribution network.
- Data mining techniques to support the classification of MV electricity customersPublication . Ramos, Sérgio; Vale, ZitaThis paper describes a methodology that was developed for the classification of Medium Voltage (MV) electricity customers. Starting from a sample of data bases, resulting from a monitoring campaign, Data Mining (DM) techniques are used in order to discover a set of a MV consumer typical load profile and, therefore, to extract knowledge regarding to the electric energy consumption patterns. In first stage, it was applied several hierarchical clustering algorithms and compared the clustering performance among them using adequacy measures. In second stage, a classification model was developed in order to allow classifying new consumers in one of the obtained clusters that had resulted from the previously process. Finally, the interpretation of the discovered knowledge are presented and discussed.
- A Data-mining-based Methodology to support MV Electricity Customers' CharacterizationPublication . Ramos, Sérgio; Duarte, João; Duarte, F. Jorge; Vale, ZitaThis paper presents an electricity medium voltage (MV) customer characterization framework supportedby knowledge discovery in database (KDD). The main idea is to identify typical load profiles (TLP) of MVconsumers and to develop a rule set for the automatic classification of new consumers. To achieve ourgoal a methodology is proposed consisting of several steps: data pre-processing; application of severalclustering algorithms to segment the daily load profiles; selection of the best partition, corresponding tothe best consumers’ segmentation, based on the assessments of several clustering validity indices; andfinally, a classification model is built based on the resulting clusters. To validate the proposed framework,a case study which includes a real database of MV consumers is performed.
- A Short Review on Data Mining Techniques for Electricity Customers CharacterizationPublication . Cembranel, Samuel S.; Lezama, Fernando; Soares, João; Filipe Ramos, Sérgio; Gomes, Antonio; Vale, ZitaAn important tool to manage electrical systems is the knowledge of customers' consumption patterns. Data Mining (DM) emerges as an important tool for extracting information about energy consumption in databases and identifying consumption patterns. This paper presents a short review on DM, with a focus on the characterization of electricity customers supported on knowledge discovery in database (KDD) process. The study includes several steps: first, few concepts of the KDD process are presented; following, a short review of clustering algorithms is presented including partitional, hierarchical, fuzzy, evolutionary methods, and Self-Organizing Maps; finally, the main concepts and methods for load classification, based on load shape indices are presented. The main objective of this work is to present a short review of DM techniques applied to identify typical load profiles in electrical systems and new customers' classification.
- Knowledge extraction from medium voltage load diagrams to support the definition of electrical tariffsPublication . Ramos, Sérgio; Figueiredo, Vera; Rodrigues, Fátima; Pinheiro, Raul; Vale, ZitaWith the electricity market liberalization, distribution and retail companies are looking for better market strategies based on adequate information upon the consumption patterns of its electricity customers. In this environment all consumers are free to choose their electricity supplier. A fair insight on the customer´s behaviour will permit the definition of specific contract aspects based on the different consumption patterns. In this paper Data Mining (DM) techniques are applied to electricity consumption data from a utility client’s database. To form the different customer´s classes, and find a set of representative consumption patterns, we have used the Two-Step algorithm which is a hierarchical clustering algorithm. Each consumer class will be represented by its load profile resulting from the clustering operation. Next, to characterize each consumer class a classification model will be constructed with the C5.0 classification algorithm.
- Data mining contributions to characterize MV consumers and to improve the suppliers-consumers settlementsPublication . Ramos, Sérgio; Vale, Zita; Santana, João; Duarte, JorgeThis paper deals with the establishment of a characterization methodology of electric power profiles of medium voltage (MV) consumers. The characterization is supported on the data base knowledge discovery process (KDD). Data Mining techniques are used with the purpose of obtaining typical load profiles of MV customers and specific knowledge of their customers’ consumption habits. In order to form the different customers’ classes and to find a set of representative consumption patterns, a hierarchical clustering algorithm and a clustering ensemble combination approach (WEACS) are used. Taking into account the typical consumption profile of the class to which the customers belong, new tariff options were defined and new energy coefficients prices were proposed. Finally, and with the results obtained, the consequences that these will have in the interaction between customer and electric power suppliers are analyzed.