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- Hotel distribution: the influence of online travel agencies on Porto and Northern Portugal hotelsPublication . Costa, Elga; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ribeiro, Joaquim; Meneses, DanielaThis research aims to understand the influence factors of Online Travel Agencies (OTAs) to book accommodation in four- and five-star hotels in Porto and Northern Portugal, as well as to understand their role in the profitability of each hotel. Online distribution is a necessity for hotels, either to reach higher clients’ numbers or to give visibility to the brand. The presence of OTAs can cause a dependency of the hotels on these intermediaries, so it is necessary to understand the influence that OTAs have on hoteliers, as well as to understand if they have strategies to capture direct reservations. In this present research, the quantitative methodology was chosen, and the data collection instrument was the questionnaire survey. In a universe of 150 hotel units, 55 valid questionnaires were obtained. Exploratory factor analysis was used to define the weights and to construct the index of the influence of OTAs on hotel units. Data collection confirms the influence of OTAs on hotels and the hotels consider OTAs to be essential for maximising occupancy and revenue and as a way of reaching more customers.
- A bibliometric overview of economic sustainability in tourismPublication . Meneses, Daniela; Costa, Carlos; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Eusébio, CelesteMultiple research areas have addressed tourism studies, with a recent emphasis on sustainable tourism and the balance between its three dimensions: economic, social, and environmental. We propose an understanding of the significance of economic sustainability in tourism analysis while conducting an extensive bibliometric analysis and critical evaluation of the current literature. Data for this study were extracted from Scopus, a widely recognised database for scholarly research. Specific search terms, including “economic sustainability,” “tourism,” “sustainable tourism,” “economy,” “economic indicators,” and “tourism policy,” were used to gather relevant publications. A total of 1716 documents were initially retrieved. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied to ensure the selection of pertinent literature, resulting in 491 publications being retained for further analysis. These publications originated from 234 different sources and involved 1173 authors. The results of the bibliometric analysis reveal promising future research themes, such as sustainable tourism, tourism policy, economic indicators, tourism sustainability, and entrepreneurship. Moreover, identifying the most influential authors and publications offers valuable guidance for future research endeavours.
- Regional tourism planning: bibliometric review and analysisPublication . Meneses, Daniela; Costa, Carlos; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Eusébio, CelesteIncreased competitiveness among cities and tourist destinations is associated with accelerated growth and the increased need to fulfil tourist needs. Tourism, being a complex sector, incorporates different types of environmental, cultural, economic, and social resources into its activity. The impact of tourism on destinations, whether through acculturation or the environment, varies according to the characteristics of each destination. Tourism activity depends on natural resources and all entities involved, private and public sector, recognise the importance and need for tourism planning to protect these resources, especially in a regional dimension. From the point of view of regional tourism, the premise of regional tourism planning should be to plan the best use of the territory, based on tourism strategies aimed at achieving optimal national development (Dwyer, Forsyth, and Spurr 2004). Tourism as a clustering sector is influenced by external factors which call into question the planning process, being influenced by different actors, governments, non-governmental organisations and private sector (Gunn 2002). As a result, tourism planning requires a particular body of knowledge and a systematic approach (Inskeep 1988). In the case of regional tourism, this also means that all urban and rural attractions and peripheral areas should be considered in tourism planning. In the literature search, we found some review articles about tourism planning. Literature review from Calero and Turner (2020) approaches tourism planning from the perspective of regional economic development and tourism, emphasising the concept and its evolution between the years 1990 and 2000. The results showed that research was still in its infancy. The review of Rahman and Salahudin (2021) address regional tourism development planning with application to Indonesia, limiting and biasing the results of the study, and, finally, the review of Sentanu et al. (2023) addresses collaborative tourism governance between 2010 and 2021, leading to a current topic trend and proposing the factors of collaborative tourism governance for success. The bibliometric analyses that emerged during the research are related to sustainability and the application of sustainability in tourism, and no literature review was found that addresses regional tourism development. This work stands out for its innovation, as it conducts a quantitative analysis of the gathered information. It also offers a temporal examination of the knowledge that has evolved over recent years, effectively systematising this information, and delivering valuable insights for individuals engaged in regional planning, as well as researchers and practitioners. For researchers, it facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of the topic’s evolution and variables, thereby providing guidance for future research. As for practitioners, it enables an examination of diverse perspectives and their impact on the industry. This chapter addresses examining the development of regional tourism planning as a concept and its practical implications in the evolution of planning. The aim of this chapter is to understand the evolution of regional tourism planning research, identify the most relevant topics in regional tourism planning and, finally, promote a broad understanding of the development and suggest new research directions. The chapter structure follows with introductory literature review concerning the subject being investigated, followed by a description of the methodology used and the subsequent findings. Finally, concludes by presenting the implications and potential future avenues for research.
- Network as a facilitator of sustainable tourism in territoriesPublication . Meneses, Daniela; Costa, Carlos; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Eusébio, CelesteThe prospective sustainability of regions often hinges upon the interconnected networks comprising the tourism sector in numerous destinations. The presented research seeks to enhance our comprehension of how networks are applied within the realm of tourism, providing a roadmap for future investigations, and thereby advancing the implementation of tourism networks in different regions. By considering the Scopus database, which encompasses the largest repository of articles related to this subject matter, and adopting the PRISMA methodology, we identified and examined eighteen case studies for our study. The results of our analysis highlight the significant role that networks play in facilitating the adoption of sustainable practices, ultimately contributing to the potential of long-term sustainability for tourism destinations. However, our findings also underscore the existing gap in achieving comprehensive sustainability, indicating that there is still a considerable journey ahead for both private companies and public entities. Encouragement and support for practices that promote sustainable destinations remain essential components of this ongoing endeavour.
- Actions and strategies on hotel websites: case study of 4- and 5-star hotels in Porto and Northern PortugalPublication . Costa, Elga; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Ribeiro, Joaquim; Meneses, DanielaThe investigation focuses on the identification of actions and strategies that hoteliers apply on their websites, to capture direct bookings versus their dependence on the OTA, to evaluate the importance and function of the websites of the 4- and 5-star hotels in Porto and Northern Portugal. Online distribution is a necessity for a hotel, either to reach the largest number of customers or to give visibility to the brand. Hotel websites, however, allow greater proximity and communication with the customer, potentiating hotels’ possibility to increase direct bookings. It is therefore necessary to understand which actions and strategies hoteliers must consider for capturing direct bookings. Thus, the main objective of the study is to identify the hoteliers’ dependence on the OTA and the consequent actions and strategies they apply on their websites to capture direct bookings. In the present investigation, the quantitative methodology was chosen, and the data collection instrument was a questionnaire survey, applied in a total universe of 150 hotels, 4- and 5-star hotels in the Region of Porto and Northern Portugal, where 55 responses were obtained. The data obtained were treated and analysed using the SPSS software. The results obtained confirm the existence of actions and strategies in hotels to capture direct reservations; hotels consider these strategies as an essential condition for increasing direct bookings. Limitations have arisen in the collection of questionnaires due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Most hotels closed due to lack of customers and consequently, the sample for the present study is limited in the diversity of the typology of respondents. It is intended with this work to understand what actions and strategies hotels apply on the website, as well as to understand if hotels follow the new technological trends, in what the contact and communication with the client concerns.
- Sustainability innovation in tourism: a systematic literature reviewPublication . Meneses, Daniela; Costa, Carlos; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Eusébio, CelesteSustainability innovation has been discussed as an approach to tourism. The concept of innovation is still regarded as abstract or with little application, and the same is true of the concept of sustainable tourism. This systematic literature review intends to investigate the state of sustainability innovation in tourism addressing the question: “What are the potential ways to implement sustainable innovation within the tourism sector?” The article is a systematic literature review (SLR) on sustainable innovation in tourism, in the databases Scopus, Web of Science and Science Direct, which resulted in 492 papers. By applying the PRISMA model and VOSviewer software, the study sample is narrowed to 50 papers collected from 25 journals, published between 2000 and 2022. The articles that make up the SLR comprise qualitative, quantitative and mixed studies, with the research aiming to summarise theories, ideologies, methods and practices at different levels and stages applied in different tourism contexts. This study categorises the main topics: business model, sustainable innovative strategies, innovative leadership and stakeholders’ relationship. The outcomes demonstrate diverse strategies for implementing sustainable innovation in the field of tourism, along with recommendations for future implementation across various tourism sub-sectors. These findings underline the importance of introducing sustainable innovations that foster sustainable development through collaborative efforts among all stakeholders. By creating added value to products and services, sustainable innovation enables companies within each tourism sector and the destination as a whole to differentiate themselves. The results also highlight that perceptions of sustainable innovation differ based on the level of knowledge, acceptance and understanding of individuals involved. Furthermore, the implementation of sustainable innovation can be customised to suit different objectives and applied at various levels within different tourism sub-sectors over an extended period of time.
- Analysing the development of sustainable tourism in the Porto and Northern Portugal tourism regionPublication . Meneses, Daniela; Costa, Carlos; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Eusébio, CelesteTourism is widely recognized as a driver of development in numerous nations. In Portugal's context, it stands as a pivotal economic sector that has experienced remarkable growth in recent years (Lopes & Soares, 2017). In this sense, and following the guidelines of international agencies, it is necessary for tourism to adopt a new and holistic paradigm in sustainable tourism development plans (ETC, 2021). According to Baidal (2001) the approach to sustainable tourism must take into account: i) Recognizing the holistic and interconnected nature of factors across various dimensions - economic, environmental, social, cultural, political, and technological - directly impacting development, and embracing a multidisciplinary planning approach; ii) Striking a balance between policy considerations and the technical-scientific aspects of planning, which serve as a primary catalyst for fostering social engagement; iii) Adapting to diverse socio-economic and political contexts, varying territorial scales, and distinct environmental characteristics; iv) Placing emphasis on the local level, where development challenges are identified and where the principles of sustainability, such as Local Agenda 21, can be effectively put into action; v) Implementing long-term strategies and actions that consider the well-being of future generations, while enhancing the ability to identify, reconcile, and unite stakeholders; vi) Encouraging planners to be more cognizant and dedicated to the planning process, enabling them to better identify stakeholders, harmonize their interests, and promote consensus. Based on the holistic paradigm mentioned, this research aims to analyse the plans for tourism development in the Porto and Northern Portugal region. The first approach is to identify the tourism development plans and the second approach is to identify the associated dimensions and issues related with sustainable development considered in these plans. Effective planning is crucial in achieving equilibrium between economic objectives and the necessity of safeguarding and improving tourism destinations. It functions as a vital instrument for aligning the economic advantages of tourism with sustainable methods that guarantee the enduring appeal and sustainability of these destinations (Costa, 2020). By integrating strategic planning, destinations can maximise their potential for growth and economic development while protecting their natural and cultural assets.
- The Douro Wine Villages Project, 20 years on: the perceptions of entrepreneursPublication . Meneses, Daniela; Ferreira, Fernanda A.; Koerich, Guilherme HenriqueThe Douro Wine Villages (Aldeias Vinhateiras do Douro) project was an urban requalification project that covered five municipalities of the Douro region: Tabuaço, Alijó, Sabrosa, Tarouca and S. João da Pesqueira, based on Douro Integrated Territorial Action with objective to fortify the territorial and institutional cohesion of the Douro region, and promote and harness its internal resources while effectively structuring the regional economic system. The case study applied to Favaios Wine Village in Alijó municipality is innovative and aims to understand the effective impact of development and territorial cohesion plans from a tourism perspective and how they can positively affect the community. Based on the study’s objective, a qualitative methodology was applied and divided into two phases. In the first phase, the plans and programmes developed between the years 2000 and 2022 were observed. In the second phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with economic agents and the local community. The results indicate that despite multiple concerted efforts, there continues to be an exodus of young people, resulting in an increasingly ageing population, and a lack of skilled labour for the tourism sector was mentioned. On the other hand, new tourism-related projects are being implemented.