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- Online laboratories in engineering education research and practicePublication . May, Dominik; Alves, Gustavo R.; Kist, Alexander A.; Zvacek, Susan M.Instructional laboratories have long been an integral part of engineering education and technical degree programs. Today, online laboratories using remote, simulation, or even immersive virtual reality technologies offer additional innovation potential for teaching with a wide variety of pedagogical approaches, of which some are possible only because of the introduced technology and its new affordances. Educational research in this field is focused on developing new educational settings for the use of online laboratories and on fundamentally understanding how these new types of instructional laboratories influence both the faculty and the student experience. Gaining this fundamental understanding of the sociotechnical instructional reality introduced by online laboratories is highly relevant, as students should be given the opportunity to use all laboratory formats, depending on the targeted learning goal, the available equipment, or individual personal preferences of students or even faculty. This chapter takes a closer look at engineering education research and the specific field of instructional online laboratories in higher education, with a focus on remote and virtual laboratories. In this context, the chapter covers the overall background, advantages and challenges, educational research, pedagogy, history and examples, and the innovation potential of online laboratories for current as well as future engineering education.