ISCAP - Economia - Teses de doutoramento
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- Impacto microeconómico da formação profissional e medida da discriminação sexual no mercado de trabalho português: uma abordagem semiparamétricaPublication . Saraiva, António Fernando Martins Garcia; Portugal, PedroThe thesis is structured in two essays running upon distinct subjects, even though between them can be perceived some affinities, due to the fact that both concern the analysis of different types of investment in human capital: training and higher education. In the first essay, it is broached the question of the evaluation of the impact on wages of different types of training, the stability of the worker-employer contractual bound and employment status, in Portugal, through propensity score matching applied to the data of the Inquérito ao Emprego of INE, relative to the years of 1998 throughout 2001. Concerning wage impacts, one concludes that on-the-job training is arguably the most compensating, but the remaining types of training will also generate wage gains, being the training acquired in schools or training centres the one with less pronounced effects. Regarding the effect upon employment status, estimates point to the conclusion that training will favour the abandonment of inactivity, but not surely employment, and it is even suggested that training received in schools and training centres will lead, more probably, to unemployment, although for a certain fraction of unemployed the actual direction of the causality may be the inverse. The second essay is about the decomposition, at the conditional mean and at conditional quantiles, of the gender wage gap specific to the universe of college graduates, in Portugal (data from the 1st Inquérito de Percurso aos Diplomados do Ensino Superior carried through in 2001), in order to gauge the degree of gender discrimination it may contain. Using the methodology of Machado-Mata and, alternately, propensity score matching, it is suggested that, in the public sector, gender wage discrimination, if it exists, will be small, i.e. the observed wage gap can almost entirely be explained by the differences between the productive attributes of men and women. Differently, in the private sector, the discrimination is potentially severe. Special attention is devoted to the contribution of the subject of degree for the explanation of gender wage differential.