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  • Healthy and safe environments across occupational and environmental contexts: A holistic perspective
    Publication . Carvalhais, Carlos; Pereira, Cristiana C.; Santos, Joana
    According to the World Health Organization (WHO), “good health depends on clean air, a stable climate, and a preserved natural environment, as well as access to adequate water, sanitation, and hygiene. It also requires protection from harmful radiation, unsafe chemical management, and unhealthy working conditions. A healthy environment could prevent nearly a quarter of the global disease burden”. In line with this, environmental health is defined as the science that “addresses all the physical, chemical, and biological factors external to a person, and all the related factors impacting behaviors. It encompasses the assessment and control of those environmental factors that can potentially affect health. It is targeted towards preventing disease and creating health-supportive environments”.
    2025-08-20Editorial de revista Acesso aberto Ver mais
  • Relationship of cranial deformation with nasal obstruction and middle ear function in babies: cross-sectional study
    Publication . Gomes, Ana Jacinta; Tavares, Angélica; Silva, Maria Sousa; Silva, Cláudia; Alexandrino, Ana; Varela, Goreti; Mota, António; Tomé, David; Tomé, David; Alexandrino, Ana Silva
    This study aimed to analyse the relationship between cranial deformations (CD), nasal obstruction, and middle ear function in infants up to 12 months of age. A cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted with a sample of 10 babies (3 females, 7 males) aged between 1 and 7 months. The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methodologies, including the Pediatric Respiratory Severity Scale, tympanometry, and cranial anthropometry using a craniometer. Data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28, with a 95% confidence interval. Of the 10 participants, 70% had cranial asymmetry index (CAI) alterations, and 60% had cephalic ratio (CR) alterations. Nasal obstruction was observed in 60% of the babies. A significant linear relationship was found between CAI and ear canal volume bilaterally, and between CAI and right ear compliance. Additionally, a significant relationship was observed between CR and ear canal volume. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between CD and nasal obstruction or middle ear pressure values. The study found no direct relationship between cranial deformities and nasal obstruction, although a tendency for nasal obstruction in babies with plagiocephaly and brachycephaly was noted. An increase in CAI was associated with a decrease in ear canal volume and right middle ear compliance, while an increase in CR was related to an increase in ear canal volume. These findings suggest that cranial deformities may impact middle ear function and structure, highlighting the importance of early referral to ENT specialists for infants with CD.
    2025-08-20Artigo de investigação Acesso aberto Ver mais