Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2024-03-08"
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- Ictal and interictal source connectivity during gelastic seizures in a focal cortical dysplasia of the cingulate gyrusPublication . Borges, Daniel Filipe; Dias, Daniela; Cordeiro, Helena; Leal, AlbertoGelastic seizures are rare manifestations of epilepsy often associated with hypothalamic hamartomas (HH). In the absence of HH, localization of the origin is more difficult and there are several less well-established possibilities. Non-invasive assessment is often complicated by the deep localization of the epileptogenic area and the complex dynamics of spike activity. Robust neurophysiologic methods and careful validation of intrinsically epileptogenic lesions detected by RM can improve the validity of scalp EEG analysis. To analyze the dynamics of epileptic activity in gelastic seizures associated with cortical dysplasia. A 26-year-old girl with daily refractory gelastic seizures since the age of 6 underwent a neurophysiological assessment with long-term EEG recordings (24h, 31 channels) and an MRI of the brain. She had previously been rejected in an epilepsy surgery program because no structural brain lesion had been found and the EEG information was not informative enough. A recent 3T MRI showed cortical dysplasia in the cingulate gyrus, which was highly suspicious as an epileptogenic focus. We analyzed the 31-channel EEG (ictal and interictal) using source and functional connectivity methods to obtain a solid computer model of the origin and dynamics of epileptic activity and correlate it with the anatomical information of the MRI. Source analysis of interictal activity revealed multiple sources that dominated at different time points, indicating considerable dynamics that prevented clear source identification. The ictal recordings demonstrated barely late rhythmic activity over the frontal areas, but no early focalization. Connectivity analysis, which revealed the flow of information between cortical sources, showed a consistent origin of epileptic activity in the vicinity of cortical dysplasia for both interictal and ictal activity. EEG connectivity analysis significantly improves the performance of non-invasive methods for determining intracranial dynamics of epileptic activity and correlation with structural lesions.
- Knowledge about type 2 diabetes: its impact for future managementPublication . Ferreira, Pedro L. ; Morais, Carminda ; Pimenta, Rui; Ribeiro, Inês ; Amorim, Isabel ; Alves, Sandra Maria; Santiago, LuizDiabetes can cause several long-term complications. Knowledge about this disease can play an important role in reducing diabetes-related complications. In addition, the lack of awareness leads to misconceptions, which joined with inadequate knowledge, are relevant barriers to proper diabetes management. In this study, we aimed to assess the diabetes knowledge of a type 2 diabetes (T2D) population and identify major knowledge gaps, in order to prevent complications and to increase quality of life. In a cross-sectional, observational study in a convenience sample, we identified individuals diagnosed with T2D attending ambulatory visits from five health settings, older than 18 years, with a time diagnosis of at least 1 year, and attending multidisciplinary visits for at least 3 months. To assess the knowledge of T2D individuals, we applied the Portuguese version of the Diabetes Knowledge Test. The sample included a total of 1,200 persons, of whom almost half were female. The age range of the participants varied from 24 to 94 years old, and the mean age was 65.6 ± 11.4 years. Most of the sample had a level of education under secondary and lived with someone. In our sample, 479 (39.9%) were insulin-treated. The percentage of correct answers was 51.8% for non-insulin vs. 58.7% for insulin treated (p < 0.05). There were three items with a percentage of correct answers lower than 15%; the item with the lower value of correct answers was the one related to the identification of signs of ketoacidosis with only 4.4% of correct answers, the errors presented a random pattern; the item related to the identification of which food should not be used to treat low blood glucose with 11.9%, where 56.9% of the sample’s participants considered that one cup of skim milk would be the correct answer (53.1% in non-insulin patients and 62.6% in insulin treated patients; p < 0.001). The item regarding the knowledge of free food presented a 13.3% of correct answers (10.8% non-insulin group vs. 17.1% insulin group; p < 0.01). Two of the three items with lower value of correct answers were related to glycemic control and health status monitoring, the other was related to diet and food.
- Monitoramento e avaliação de programas de extensão nos Institutos Federais de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica da região Centro-OestePublication . Santos, Elenice dos Reis; Bernardes, Óscar Tiago FontesA ordenança da Lei nº 11.892/2008 de realizar ações de extensão para promoção do desenvolvimento socioeconômico e cultural local bem como a limitação dos recursos orçamentários e financeiros destinados a estas ações, torna necessário que, além de bem formulados, que programas de extensão sejam bem monitorados e avaliados para garantir que o investimento público seja realmente efetivo, eficaz e eficiente tanto na solução de problemas sociais quanto no aproveitamento de oportunidades de desenvolvimento local. Esta dissertação tem por objetivo identificar como os Institutos Federais de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica da Região Centro-Oeste realizam o monitoramento e a avaliação do recorte das ações de extensão denominado de programas institucionais de extensão, realizando análise de legislações nacionais e documentos institucionais como planos de desenvolvimento institucional, relatórios de gestão, regulamentações internas, manuais que tratam do tema, além de propor um mapeamento de processo para facilitar o desenvolvimento de software que facilite a realização dos procedimentos desde a criação até a avaliação dos programas institucionais de extensão. Os resultados demonstram que a estrutura jurídica e/ou orientativa institucional está melhor apresentada no IFMS – Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul que possui 04 (quatro) programas institucionais em andamento, lista de indicadores, critérios de avaliação, instância própria para realizar tais atividades, definidas desde a política de extensão até uma instrução normativa, mas não apresenta orientações quanto a criação de novos indicadores e critérios de avaliação, seguido do IFMT – Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso que apesar de não possuir lista de indicadores e critérios de avaliação, tem 05 (cinco) programas em andamento, um instrumento jurídico e um guia estabelecendo procedimentos e instância própria para realizar estas atividades. O mapeamento do processo sugerido nesta pesquisa considerou os documentos analisados, mas, principalmente, o Regulamento de Programas de Extensão do IFMT e o Guia Metodológico: Formulação de Programas de Extensão do IFMT.