Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2022-11-04"
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- Maternal stress and vulnerability to depression: coping and maternal care strategies and its consequences on adolescent offspringPublication . Alves, Renata L.; Portugal, Camila C.; Lopes, Igor M.; Oliveira, Pedro; Alves, Cecília J.; Barbosa, Fernando; Summavielle, Teresa; Magalhães, AnaDepressive mothers often find mother-child interaction to be challenging. Maternal stress may further impair mother-child attachment, which may increase the risk of negative developmental consequences. We used rats with different vulnerability to depressive-like behavior (Wistar and Kyoto) to investigate the impact of stress (maternal separation-MS) on maternal behavior and adolescent offspring cognition. MS in Kyoto dams increased pup-contact, resulting in higher oxytocin levels and lower anxiety-like behavior after weaning, while worsening their adolescent offspring cognitive behavior. Whereas MS in Wistar dams elicited higher quality of pup-directed behavior, increasing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the offspring, which seems to have prevented a negative impact on cognition. Hypothalamic oxytocin seems to affect the salience of the social environment cues (negatively for Kyoto) leading to different coping strategies. Our findings highlight the importance of contextual and individual factors in the understanding of the oxytocin role in modulating maternal behavior and stress regulatory processes.
- Human Mobility Restrictions and COVID-19 Infection Rates: Analysis of Mobility Data and Coronavirus Spread in Poland and PortugalPublication . Strzelecki, Artur; Azevedo, Ana; Rizun, Mariia; Rutecka, Paulina; Zagała, Kacper; Cicha, Karina; Albuquerque, AlexandraThis study examines the possibility of correlation between the data on human mobility restrictions and the COVID-19 infection rates in two European countries: Poland and Portugal. The aim of this study is to verify the correlation and causation between mobility changes and the infection spread as well as to investigate the impact of the introduced restrictions on changes in human mobility. The data were obtained from Google Community Mobility Reports, Apple Mobility Trends Reports, and The Humanitarian Data Exchange along with other reports published online. All the data were organized in one dataset, and three groups of variables were distinguished: restrictions, mobility, and intensity of the disease. The causal-comparative research design method is used for this study. The results show that in both countries the state restrictions reduced human mobility, with the strongest impact in places related to retail and recreation, grocery, pharmacy, and transit stations. At the same time, the data show that the increase in restrictions had strong positive correlation with stays in residential places both in Poland and Portugal.
- Onde habita a memória: uma procura experimental pela saudade em Teixeira de PascoaesPublication . Azevedo, Patrícia Diana Machado; Lopes, FilipeEste ensaio debruça-se sobre a temática da memória e a um fator, entre os vários que a acompanham, que a ela está associado: o espaço. O conceito de lugar trata-se de uma realidade corpórea que busca a colocação do sujeito num tempo e num espaço que, por sua vez, se poderá aliar a uma recordação. Para abordar estes conceitos, serão tratados o conceito de espaço físico e espaço imaterial, a memória e a identidade. Associada às temáticas descritas, este ensaio, adquire, também, a forma de uma análise e descrição de todo o processo de realização do documentário Onde Habita a Memória (2022), projeto este, baseado no Livro de Memórias (1927) de Teixeira de Pascoaes. Neste projeto documental, o espaço adquire igualmente relevância, dado que é aquilo que existe em comum entre os intervenientes e Teixeira de Pascoaes: não se cruzam no tempo, mas sim no espaço (Amarante).