Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2020-10-29"
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- Baseline Characterization of Retinal Vascular Disease in Eyes with Mild to Moderate Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) in Diabetes Type 2, Using Novel Non-Invasive Imaging Methods, in a Longitudinal, Prospective and Interventional 2-Year Clinical Study (Cordis)Publication . Ribeiro, M.; Marques, I.P.; Santos, Ana Rita; Coimbra, R.; Santos, T.; Figueira, J.; Cunha-Vaz, J.G.Characterization of retinal microvascular changes occurring in eyes with mild to moderate non proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR), during a period of 2 years using lower than optical normal reflectivity (LOR) ratios obtained with OCT-Leakage. Capillary closure in the superficial and deep retinal vascular layers using OCTAngiography (OCTA) will be also analyzed in eyes that are at risk for developing sight threatening diabetic retinopathy (central involved macular edema (CIME) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).
- A problemática da tributação no contexto da economia digital: possíveis soluçõesPublication . Teixeira, Carlos Daniel Mendes; Amorim, José de Campos; Rocha, Ana PaulaThe emergence of digital economy has brought a countless number of advantages, not only for people, but also for the companies, with the appearance of new bussiness models resulting from the constant evolution of technologies. However, the appearance of digital economy also brought a seet of challenges for the different tax authorities, because the tax laws in force were not prepared to respond to these new challenges. Most of the laws in force, were not designed to taking into account this “new” type of economy, but rather taking into account the so-called traditional economy. Thus, on most occasions, multinationals that have business models based on the digital economy take advantage of these laws to minimize or even eliminate the taxation on their in come. In an era in which the technologies of information allow multinational organizations carry out comercial transactions all over the world, without the need of a physical presence, it is increasingly imperative to create a new set of norms and laws that encompass these types of operations, responding to the challenges they bring with them. The main objective of this dissertation is to study the challenges that direct e-commerce poses to the state where the income comes from, with the regard to its taxation. Once the challenges were identified, the respective solutions for them were sought. At the end, the author presents his opinion on the proposals presented by the OCDE and other authors, to respond to the challenges discuss in this work regarding the taxation of digital economy. The author presents the strenghts and weaknesses of each of the proposals presented, choosing the most appropriate, in his opinion, to respond to the challenges presented.
- Detecção de enterotoxinas estafilocócicas em matrizes alimentares por método de ELISAPublication . Pereira, Andreína Raquel Soares; Magalhães, Ricardo Jorge Afonso Costa; Sousa, Maria Manuela Amorim de Silva eOs Staphylococcus aureus são agentes causais de intoxicação alimentar, e o método de ELISA é dos procedimentos mais utilizados para a deteção de toxinas de S. aureus. Nesta investigação foi feita a deteção de enterotoxinas estafilocócicas em matrizes alimentares por método de ELISA (RIDASREN SET) em 282 amostras associadas a possíveis intoxicações alimentares entre 2019-2020. Das 282 amostras testadas 0,35% apresentou resultado positivo para cultura de S.aureus, e do total de amostras testadas 0,71% apresentaram resultados positivos para enterotoxinas; as amostras positivas para enterotoxinas foram negativas por cultura para os microrganismos investigados. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram a importância da investigação de enterotoxinas estafilocócicas em alimentos com possíveis relações com intoxicações alimentares, sem se restringir àqueles com contagens elevadas de S. aureus. É importante expandir a investigação para outras matrizes alimentares, uma vez que atualmente existem muitas refeições onde os alimentos são colocados com pouco cozimento e as enterotoxinas estafilocócicas podem estar presentes não sendo facilmente detetadas.