Browsing by Author "Silva, F.T."
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- Co-pyrolysis of brown macroalgae and pinecones in a fixed bed reactorPublication . Silva, F.T.; Nascimento, M.; Pilão, R. M.; Neto, M.P.; Ribeiro, A.M.This study presents results on the slow co-pyrolysis of Laminaria digitata (LD) and pinecones (PC), at an average temperature of 560 °C, for mass ratios LD/PC of 100/0, 50/50, 30/70, 10/90 and 0/100. The biochar yields varied from 35.3 to 31.2 %, for bio-oils, the yields were in the range of 23.3 to 39.9 %, and for the gas phase, between 41.4 to 28.9 %, as the amount of PC increased in the feeding mixture. The biochars were characterized in terms of proximate analysis and higher heating value (HHV). The properties of bio-oils that were determined included pH, density and HHV, as well as identification of compounds by infrared analysis. CO2, CO, CH4 and H2 were identified in the gas phase of all the experiments by gaschromatography, but the most produced gas was CO2, followed by CO.
- Effect of mass flow rate and temperature on the gasification of animal fatPublication . Araújo, A.L.; Paiva, E.; Silva, F.T.; Ribeiro, A.; Campos, J.B.L.M.; Pilão, R.M.In this work, gasification of animal fat was studied. Tests were performed with an emulsion of fat and water and temperature and mass flow rate effects were evaluated. Gas chromatography was used to analyze the composition of producer gas. Carbon and hydrogen conversion efficiencies, dry gas yield, cold gas efficiency, and higher heating value of producer gas were determined. The results showed that temperature and mass flow rate determine the composition of the gas obtained and the performance of the gasification process. The gasification parameters increased with the temperature rise. The increase of mass flow rate contributes to a decrease in the overall performance of the gasification process.
- Effect of temperature on the gasification of animal fat: Preliminary resultsPublication . Araujo, A.L.; Silva, F.T.; Ribeiro, A.C.; Campos, J.B.L.M.; Pilão, R.M.In this work, steam reforming of animal fat was studied using a fixed bed reactor. The effect of temperature was evaluated in the range of 750 and 950°C. Gas chromatography was used to analyze the gas sample and determine the gas composition. The results showed that the temperature greatly influences the gas composition and gasification process. The gasification parameters increased with the temperature rise, and the best results were obtained at the highest tested temperature.
- Gasification of animal fat using dolomite as particle bed in a downdraft fixed bed reactorPublication . Pilão, R.; Araujo, A.L.; Silva, F.T.; Ribeiro, A.M.; Campos, J.B.L.M.One of the wastes generated in the tanning industry is hide fleshings, which contains 40% of animal fat, currently being deposited in landfills. The objective of this work was to study the catalytic capacity of dolomite in the gasification of this waste. The tests were carried out in a downflow fixed bed reactor using steam as gasification agent and used as bed of particles, alumina, dolomite and a mixture of the two mate-rials. Tests were caried out at 750 ºC and 800 ºC and the gas obtained was quantified and analyzed by gas chromatography. The results obtained showed that dolomite improves the performance of the gasification process, with an increase in carbon and hydrogen conversion efficiencies, cold gas efficiency and dry gas yield with the use of dolomite. It was also possible to verify the catalytic capacity of this material in the cracking of hydrocarbons and its potential in promoting the production of H2. In addition, the use of the mixed bed allowed to improve the results of the gasification parameters obtained at 800 ºC without compromising the degradation of the dolomite verified at higher temperatures.