Browsing by Author "Santos, Daniela Alexandra Rocha"
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- Identification of fecal biomarkers for early detection of pre- and cancerous colorectal lesionsPublication . Santos, Daniela Alexandra Rocha; Lima, Luís; Santos, MarleneColorectal cancer (CRC) is highly prevalent in Portugal, and early detection significantly improves survival rates. However, current CRC screening methods have limitations, making necessary to develop new tools. MicroRNAs (miRs) exhibit altered expression in tumors and can be detected in biological samples, such as blood and stool, posing as a promising CRC screening tool. Identify stool-based miR biomarkers to enhance CRC screening. After a literature review, eight miRs were selected miRs and evaluated in stool samples on a dataset of 96 individuals who underwent a colonoscopy, using quantitative real-time PCR. Seven miRs were detected in stool samples, miR-451 demonstrated a 63.16% sensitivity (AUC: 0.707) for high-grade dysplasia (HGD), while miR-199a-5p exhibited 70.83% sensitivity (AUC: 0.648) for advanced lesions detection. Our predictive model combining miR-199a-5p, miR-21-5p and miR-451 achieved 83.33% sensitivity and 69.57% specificity for HGD discrimination. Moreover, a combination of miR-21-5p and miR-199a-5p demonstrate a good performance for CRC (AUC: 0.724) and Advanced Lesions identification (AUC: 0.724), with high sensitivity (87.50% for CRC and 77.05% for Advanced lesions identification). Combinations of miR-21-5p, miR-199a-5p and miR-451 show promise for improving CRC screening. However, further studies are needed to validate these findings.