Browsing by Author "Mota, Jorge"
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- Ability of different measures of adiposity to identify high metabolic risk in adolescentsPublication . Carla Moreira, Carla; Santos, Rute; Vale, Susana; Santos, Paula Clara; Abreu, Sandra; Marques, Ana I.; Soares-Miranda, Luısa; Mota, JorgeThis study aimed to evaluate the screening performance of different measures of adiposity: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) for high metabolic risk in a sample of adolescents. A cross sectional school-based study was conducted on 517 adolescents aged 15–18, from the Azorean Islands, Portugal. We measured fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure. HOMA and TC/HDL C ratio were calculated. For each of these variables, a Z-score was computed by age and sex. A metabolic risk score (MRS) was constructed by summing the Z-scores of all individual risk factors. High risk was considered when the individual had ≥1SD of this score. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) were used. Linear regression analyses showed that, after adjusting for age and pubertal stage, all different measures of adiposity are positively and significantly associated with MRS in both sexes, with exception of WHtR for boys. BMI, WC, and WHtR performed well in detecting high MRS, indicated by areas under the curve (AUC), with slightly greater AUC for BMI than for WC and WHtR in both sexes. All measures of adiposity were significantly associated with metabolic risk factors in a sample of Portuguese adolescents
- Alteração no consumo de fruta e sopa durante a gravidez e a sua associação com o índice de massa corporal pré-gestacionalPublication . Abreu, Sandra; Santos, Paula Clara; Moreira, Carla; Vale, Susana; Santos, Rute; Soares-Miranda, Luísa; Mota, Jorge; Moreira, PedroEncontra-se descrito que durante a gravidez, em benefício da saúde do feto, a mulher altera alguns dos seus hábitos alimentares. O objectivo deste estudo foi determinar as alterações no consumo de fruta e sopa na gravidez de acordo com o IMC pré-gestacional.
- Association between milk intake, leisure-time physical activity and abdominal obesity in girls 2012Publication . Abreu, Sandra; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Carla; Santos, Paula Clara; Vale, Susana; Soares-Miranda, Luísa; Mota, Jorge; Moreira, PedroDiet and physical activity are recognized as important factors to prevent abdominal obesity (AO), which is strongly associated with chronic disease (type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc.).
- Association between sedentary behavior time and waist-to-height ratio in preschool childrenPublication . Mota, Jorge; Silva Dos Santos, Sandra; Santos, Amanda; Seabra, André; Vale, SusanaTo explore the association between sedentary behavior time (SB), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) in preschool children. This study included 646 preschool children (4- to 6-years old). WHtR was calculated as the ratio of waist/ height with a cutoff of 0.5 used to define risk of abdominal obesity. Sedentary behavior was measured during 7 consecutive days by accelerometer. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between SB and WHtR. The prevalence of central obesity (WHtR) was 52.4 and 39.2% for girls and boys, respectively. Boys classified as being at risk for central obesity were more likely to spend more time in SB (OR: 1.6; CI: 1.1–2.5; P< 0.05), adjusted by age (P< 0.00 1).Our data suggested that boys classified as having higher SB were more likely to having more central obesity.
- Atividade Física na GravidezPublication . Santos, Paula Clara; Mota, Jorge; Félix, José Manuel SousaA atitude perante a atividade física (AF) durante a gravidez mudou radicalmente nos últimos trinta anos (Charlesworth, 2011). Os nossos antepassados tratavam a mulher grávida como se estivesse doente, sendo aconselhada a descansar e a evitar exercícios (Duncombe et al., 2009). A evidência científica suporta cada vez mais a importância da AF para a saúde individual (Duncombe et al., 2009) e comunitária (Beaglehole et al., 2011). Da pesquisa efetuada, não foram encontrados estudos que mostrassem efeitos negativos da AF de moderada intensidade durante o período gravídico (Da Costa, 2003). Atualmente, existem recomendações para a prática da AF durante a gravidez, pelos benefícios demonstrados, tanto para a mulher como para o bebé (Physical activity guidelines for Americans, 2008). O American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) em 2002, emanou orientações para que as mulheres grávidas, sem complicações obstétricas, adotem as mesmas recomendações de exercício físico que as das mulheres não grávidas. Da mesma forma, o Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) e o United States Department of Health and Human Services (USDHHS), 2009 também recomendam a AF durante a gravidez. [...]
- Atividade física na gravidez e a sua influência nos ganhos ponderaisPublication . Santos, Paula Clara; Couto, Miriam; Soares, Luísa; Abreu, Sandra; Moreira, Carla; Silva, Pedro; Ferreira, Margarida; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Pedro; Montenegro, Nuno; Mota, JorgeComparativamente às grávidas com um peso saudável, as grávidas com excesso de peso ou obesidade têm um aumentado de diabetes gestacional, pré-eclâmpsia, parto induzido, cesariana, prematuridade e macrossomia. Existem várias recomendações quanto à prática de atividade física. Vários estudos revelam que esta prática tem efeitos positivos no que diz respeito ao cumprimento das recomendações do ganho ponderal na gravidez. No entanto, alguns estudos revelaram não haver diferenças no ganho ponderal materno entre grávidas que praticam e as que não praticam exercício.
- Capacidade de diferentes medidas de adiposidade para discriminar o risco metabólico em adolescentesPublication . Moreira, Carla Marisa Maia; Santos, Rute; Vale, Susana; Santos, Paula; Abreu, Sandra; Marques, Ana; Soares-Miranda, Luisa; Mota, JorgeEste estudo tem como objectivo determinar o poder discriminante das diferentes medidas de adiposidade: índice de massa corporal (IMC), perímetro da cintura (PC) e rácio cintura-altura (RCA) na identificação do risco metabólico em adolescentes açorianos.
- Cardiorespiratory fitness is negatively associated with metabolic risk factors independently of the adherence to a healthy dietary patternPublication . Moreira, Carla; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Pedro; Lobelo, F.; Ruiz, J. R.; Vale, Susana; Santos, Paula Clara; Abreu, Sandra; Mota, JorgeCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and diet have been involved as significant factors towards the prevention of cardio-metabolic diseases. This study aimed to assess the impact of the combined associations of CRF and adherence to the Southern European Atlantic Diet (SEADiet) on the clustering of metabolic risk factors in adolescents. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 468 adolescents aged 15-18, from the Azorean Islands, Portugal. We measured fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, waits circumference and height. HOMA, TC/HDL-C ratio and waist-to-height ratio were calculated. For each of these variables, a Z-score was computed by age and sex. A metabolic risk score (MRS) was constructed by summing the Z scores of all individual risk factors. High risk was considered when the individual had 1SD of this score. CRF was measured with the 20 m-Shuttle-Run- Test. Adherence to SEADiet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression showed that, after adjusting for potential confounders, unfit adolescents with low adherence to SEADiet had the highest odds of having MRS (OR Z 9.4; 95%CI:2.6e33.3) followed by the unfit ones with high adherence to the SEADiet (OR Z 6.6; 95% CI: 1.9e22.5) when compared to those who were fit and had higher adherence to SEADiet.
- Comparison of the portuguese version of the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) with accelerometry for classifying physical activity among pregnant women with obesityPublication . Bernardo, Diana; Carvalho, Carlos; Leirós-Rodríguez, Raquel; Mota, Jorge; Santos, Paula ClaraIn recent years, the number of pregnant women with obesity has increased exponentially; thus, it is important to evaluate and characterize the physical activity levels of this specific group. The aim of this study is to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the Physical Activity and Pregnancy Questionnaire and Pregnancy Questionnaire in pregnant women with obesity and to classify physical activity using the Physical Activity and Pregnancy Questionnaire and accelerometry. An analytical observational study was carried out between May and August of 2019 at the University Hospital Center of São João, with a sample of 31 pregnant women with obesity (30.9 ± 4.6 years 36.5 ± 4.6 kg/m2 of BMI and 21.5 ± 9 gestational weeks). The physical activity of participants was evaluated using an accelerometer and Physical Activity and Pregnancy Questionnaire at two time points (the first visit at the moment of consultation and the second seven days after, with accelerometer retest), the interclass correlation coefficient was used to test reliability between the Physical Activity and Pregnancy Questionnaire filled out at visit1 and the Physical Activity and Pregnancy Questionnaire filled out at visit2, and Pearson’s correlation was used to determine validity between the Physical Activity and Pregnancy Questionnaire and accelerometry. The interclass correlation coefficient values for total activity were 0.95, 0.97 for moderate and 0.58 for vigorous intensities. It ranged from 0.74 for sports/exercise to 0.96 for domestic activities. The Pearson’s correlations showed that the Physical Activity and Pregnancy Questionnaire is moderately valid for moderate intensity (r = 0.435). A total of 67.7% of the pregnant women complied with international physical activity recommendations.
- Compliance with physical activity guidelines in preschool childrenPublication . Vale, Susana; Silva, Pedro; Santos, Rute; Soares-Miranda, Luisa; Mota, JorgeThe aims of this study were (1) to document differences in physical activity (both total and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity) between the sexes on weekdays and weekend days in preschoolers, and (2) to assess compliance with recommendations for total physical activity (National Association for Sport and Physical Education guidelines) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays and weekend days in the same children. The sample comprised 245 preschoolers (105 girls, 140 boys) aged 3.5-6.0 years old. Physical activity was assessed using an Actigraph accelerometer. Data were analysed with specific software and activity was measured as counts per minute. An independent t-test and general linear model with repeated-measures were used to assess differences between the sexes and differences between days (weekdays and weekend days) within each sex, respectively. A chi-square test was used to determine differences between the sexes in the proportion of children complying with physical activity guidelines. In both sexes, sedentary behaviour accounted for the majority of the time on weekdays and weekend days (weekdays: 83%; weekend days: 83.9%). Boys engaged in significantly more (P < 0.05) total physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity than girls (weekdays: boys 155.4 min vs. girls 128.22 min; weekend days: boys 111.2 min vs. girls 90.5 min). On average, preschool children engaged in significantly more (P < 0.05) total physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays than weekend days. Altogether, 74.3% and 93.5% of the children met the National Association for Sport and Physical Education guidelines and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity recommendations respectively on weekdays, whereas compliance with both recommendations was substantially less in both sexes on weekend days. The results of this study suggest that despite 83% of time during the day being spent in sedentary behaviour, most preschool children met the daily physical activity and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity recommendations on weekdays. Future research should consider the two constructs of physical activity and sedentary behaviour independently, as they might not necessarily counteract each other.