Browsing by Author "Cruz, A. C."
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- Catalytic co-gasification of glycerol/fat mixtures: A preliminary studyPublication . Cruz, A. C.; Ramalho, M.E.; Pilão, Rosa MariaIn this work, the co-gasification of treated crude glycerol and animal fat was studied using steam as the gasifying agent. Tests were performed in a downflow fixed bed reactor with a bed composed of catalyst particles of dolomite. The gasification process was studied using a mixture with 59% of glycerol, 3% of fat and 38% of water and tests were carried out at 700 ºC and 750 ºC. The producer gas was quantified and analysed by gas chromatography obtaining, for the tested temperatures, between 48% and 47% of H2, about 13% of CO, 11% of CH4 and CO2 content between 30% and 27%. The results showed that the use of dolomite as a catalyst promotes the production of a gas rich in H2 and CO2. The results also show that the gasification parameters increase with temperature having obtained at the maximum working temperature a gas production yield of 0.92 m3/kg at 750ºC, a cold gas production efficiency of 70.6% and for the carbon and hydrogen conversion efficiencies the values obtained were 58.0 % and 40.9% respectively.
- Catalytic co-gasification of glycerol/fat mixtures: experimental vs thermodynamic equilibrium resultsPublication . Cruz, A. C.; Ramalho, Elisa; Pilão, Rosa MariaIn this work, the co-gasification of treated crude glycerol and animal fat was studied using steam as the gasification agent. Tests were performed in a downflow fixed bed reactor with a bed composed of catalyst particles of dolomite. The gasification process was studied using a mixture with 59% of glycerol, 3% of fat, and 38% of water and tests were carried out at 700 °C and 750 °C. The producer gas was quantified and analyzed by gas chromatography obtaining, for the tested temperatures, between 48 and 47% of H2, about 13% of CO, 11% of CH4, and CO2 content between 30 and 27%. The results showed that the use of dolomite as a catalyst promotes the production of a gas rich in H2 and CO2. The results also show that the gasification parameters increase with temperature. Maximum values of 0.92 m3/kg for dry gas yield, 70.6% for cold gas efficiency, and 58% and 40.9% for carbon and hydrogens efficiencies were obtained. The gasification process was evaluated using the non-stoichiometric chemical equilibrium model. The results obtained showed that the real gasification process does not reach chemical equilibrium.