Percorrer por autor "Costa-Santos, Cristina"
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- Empatia e cuidados centrados no paciente: programa de treino de competências comunicacionaisPublication . Almeida Santos, Leonor; Meneses, Rute; Couto, Germano; Costa-Santos, CristinaOs cuidados centrados na pessoa viram a sua relevância reforçada pela investigação e pelas diretrizes internacionais e nacionais na prestação de cuidados de saúde. Na procura de compreender a situação, as perspetivas e sentimentos do paciente, a empatia afigura se essencial. Estudo quasi-experimental longitudinal, com uma amostra por conveniência de 34 alunos de fisioterapia da mesma Instituição de Ensino Superior. Implementação de programa e-learning de treino de competências comunicacionais, com aplicação pré e pós intervenção dos instrumentos Índice de Reatividade Interpessoal (IRI) e Patient Practioner Orientation Scale (PPOS). Verificou-se uma diminuição no total do IRI, com aumento da empatia cognitiva e da empatia afetiva e aumento do total e em ambas as subescalas da PPOS, sem significado estatístico. O aumento na componente Sharing da PPOS nos sujeitos do sexo feminino mostrou-se estatisticamente significativa. Apesar dos resultados obtidos no IRI, sabe-se que a empatia não é uma competência inata, mas é uma competência que pode ser aprendida e melhorada; tendo isso em consideração, é premente que se procurem diversas alternativas para desenvolver a comunicação empática, que permitam evitar o seu decréscimo, já que mais empatia proporciona mais cuidados centrados na pessoa, traduzindo-se numa maior adesão aos tratamentos.
- Machine learning models based on clinical indices and cardiotocographic features for discriminating asphyxia fetuses—Porto retrospective intrapartum studyPublication . Ribeiro, Maria; Nunes, Inês; Castro, Luísa; Costa-Santos, Cristina; Henriques, Teresa S.Perinatal asphyxia is one of the most frequent causes of neonatal mortality, affecting approximately four million newborns worldwide each year and causing the death of one million individuals. One of the main reasons for these high incidences is the lack of consensual methods of early diagnosis for this pathology. Estimating risk-appropriate health care for mother and baby is essential for increasing the quality of the health care system. Thus, it is necessary to investigate models that improve the prediction of perinatal asphyxia. Access to the cardiotocographic signals (CTGs) in conjunction with various clinical parameters can be crucial for the development of a successful model. This exploratory work aims to develop predictive models of perinatal asphyxia based on clinical parameters and fetal heart rate (fHR) indices. Single gestations data from a retrospective unicentric study from Centro Hospitalar e Universitário do Porto de São João (CHUSJ) between 2010 and 2018 was probed. The CTGs were acquired and analyzed by Omniview-SisPorto, estimating several fHR features. The clinical variables were obtained from the electronic clinical records stored by ObsCare. Entropy and compression characterized the complexity of the fHR time series. These variables' contribution to the prediction of asphyxia perinatal was probed by binary logistic regression (BLR) and Naive-Bayes (NB) models. The data consisted of 517 cases, with 15 pathological cases. The asphyxia prediction models showed promising results, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) >70%. In NB approaches, the best models combined clinical and SisPorto features. The best model was the univariate BLR with the variable compression ratio scale 2 (CR2) and an AUC of 94.93% [94.55; 95.31%]. Both BLR and Bayesian models have advantages and disadvantages. The model with the best performance predicting perinatal asphyxia was the univariate BLR with the CR2 variable, demonstrating the importance of non-linear indices in perinatal asphyxia detection. Future studies should explore decision support systems to detect sepsis, including clinical and CTGs features (linear and non-linear).
- Phthalates and type 1 diabetes: is there any link?Publication . Castro-Correia, Cíntia; Correia-Sá, Luísa; Norberto, Sónia; Delerue-Matos, Cristina; Domingues, Valentina; Costa-Santos, Cristina; Fontoura, Manuel; Calhau, ConceiçãoPhthalates are a group of chemical compounds used as plasticizers in the manufacture of plastic materials. They can be present in many commonly used products. There seems to be a relationship between exposure to phthalates and the occurrence of metabolic dysfunctions, such as a decrease in glucose tolerance, oxidative stress, loss of beta cells, and a decrease in insulin synthesis. As beta cells play a key role in the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), we sought to investigate the relationship between exposure to phthalates and the diagnosis of T1DM in prepubertal children. Design concentrations of phthalate metabolites were compared in the urine of a population of prepubertal children with new-onset diabetes, patients with T1DM diagnosed more than 6 months previously, and healthy control children. Although the concentrations of DBP and DiBP metabolites were statistically identical in the new-onset diabetes, diabetes, and control groups, there was a clear trend for higher levels of DiBP metabolites in the children with new-onset diabetes. In our sample, there was a trend for higher levels of DiBP metabolites in children with new-onset diabetes.