Browsing by Author "Castro, Marcelo"
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- Efeito da sobrecarga permanente e ocasional nos parâmetros cinéticos da marchaPublication . Castro, Marcelo; Abreu, Sofia; Sousa, Helena; Figueiredo, Cristina; Machado, Leandro; Santos, Rubim; Vilas-Boas, João PauloProposta do presente estudo foi comparar o efeito da sobrecarga permanente (pessoas obesas) e ocasional (mochileiros) nos parâmetros cinéticos da marcha. Foram observadas adaptação no padrão da marcha nos indivíduos quando submetidos a sobrecarga.
- Lower limb kinematics of transfemoral amputees gait: a principal component analysis approachesPublication . Soares, Denise; Castro, Marcelo; Mendes, Emília; Machado, LeandroThe purpose of this study was to compare the gait waveforms of the ankle, knee and hip in sagital plane kinematic variables between both limbs of transfemoral (TF) amputees and able-bodied subjects using principal component analysis (PCA). Fourteen TF amputees and 20 able-bodied subjects were enrolled in the study. The ankle, knee and hip sagittal plane kinematics were recorded for the able-bodied participants, for the amputed limb and sound limb during self-selected speed gait. The results showed that both TF's lower limbs presented statistical differences in all sudied joints when compared to the able-bodied participants, in different phases in the gait cycle. Also PCA analysis seems to be a powerful tool to descriminate gait parameters considering the whole waveform of the variables involved.
- The influence of gait cadence on the ground reaction forces and plantar pressures during load carriage of young adultsPublication . Castro, Marcelo; Figueiredo, Maria Cristina; Abreu, Sofia; Sousa, Helena; Machado, Leandro; Santos, Rubim; Vilas-Boas, João PauloBiomechanical gait parameters—ground reaction forces (GRFs) and plantar pressures—during load carriage of young adults were compared at a low gait cadence and a high gait cadence. Differences between load carriage and normal walking during both gait cadences were also assessed. A force plate and an in-shoe plantar pressure system were used to assess 60 adults while they were walking either normally (unloaded condition) or wearing a backpack (loaded condition) at low (70 steps per minute) and high gait cadences (120 steps per minute). GRF and plantar pressure peaks were scaled to body weight (or body weight plus backpack weight). With medium to high effect sizes we found greater anterior-posterior and vertical GRFs and greater plantar pressure peaks in the rearfoot, forefoot and hallux when the participants walked carrying a backpack at high gait cadences compared to walking at low gait cadences. Differences between loaded and unloaded conditions in both gait cadences were also observed.
- The influence of upper limb immobilization on lower limb muscular activity during the sit-to-stand taskPublication . Leal, Viviana; Ventura, Liliana; Lopes, Alfredo; Mesquita, Inês; Torres, Rui; Castro, MarceloThe aim of this study was to compare the magnitude and pattern of lower limb muscular activity during the sit-to-stand (STS) task with and without upper limb immobilization. The activity of six muscles from each lower limb (Rectus Femoris, Vastus Medialis, Biceps Femoris, Tibialis Anterior, Gastrocnemius Medialis and Soleus) were recorded while 19 young healthy participants performed the STS task with and without an arm sling on their dominant side. Myoelectric signals were collected using BioPlux Research device, and two Bertec force platforms were used to determine different phases of the STS task. The peak of muscular activity and muscle onset times were calculated, two general linear models with an alpha of 0.05 were used between the conditions with and without upper limb immobilization. We found no statistically significant differences in the onset of lower limb muscular activity, and we observed decreased peak of muscular activity in the Rectus Femoris at the immobilized side and an increased peak in the Vastus Medialis at the side opposite to the upper limb immobilized compared to the control condition. We did observe differences in the magnitude of ipsilateral Rectus Femoris and contralateral Vastus Medialis as a consequence of upper limb immobilization.
- Transfemoral amputees' gait: principal component analysis of the knee momentsPublication . Soares, Denise; Castro, Marcelo; Mendes, Emília; Machado, LeandroThe purpose of this study was to compare the gait waveforms of the sagittal (KnSAG) and frontal (KnFRT) knee moments between both limbs of TF amputees with able-bodied subjects using PCA. the self-selected speed gait form 14 TF amputees and 20 able-bodied individuals was analyzed. The KnSAG and KnFRT of able-bodied participants, amputated limb and sound limb were calculated using the inverse dynamics approach. PCA was performed in moment waveforms. Considering KnSAG, both TF's lower limbs presented statistical differences compared to the able-bodied participants, while for KnFRT, only the sound limb showed statistical differences compared to the able-bodied subjects. PCA analysis seems to be a powerful tool to analyze gait parameters because it reduces the number of variables necessary to represent the whole gait waveform and it showed to be sensible to identify alterations in knee moment bahaviour.