Browsing by Author "Abreu, Sandra"
Now showing 1 - 10 of 30
Results Per Page
Sort Options
- Ability of different measures of adiposity to identify high metabolic risk in adolescentsPublication . Carla Moreira, Carla; Santos, Rute; Vale, Susana; Santos, Paula Clara; Abreu, Sandra; Marques, Ana I.; Soares-Miranda, Luısa; Mota, JorgeThis study aimed to evaluate the screening performance of different measures of adiposity: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) for high metabolic risk in a sample of adolescents. A cross sectional school-based study was conducted on 517 adolescents aged 15–18, from the Azorean Islands, Portugal. We measured fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, and systolic blood pressure. HOMA and TC/HDL C ratio were calculated. For each of these variables, a Z-score was computed by age and sex. A metabolic risk score (MRS) was constructed by summing the Z-scores of all individual risk factors. High risk was considered when the individual had ≥1SD of this score. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) were used. Linear regression analyses showed that, after adjusting for age and pubertal stage, all different measures of adiposity are positively and significantly associated with MRS in both sexes, with exception of WHtR for boys. BMI, WC, and WHtR performed well in detecting high MRS, indicated by areas under the curve (AUC), with slightly greater AUC for BMI than for WC and WHtR in both sexes. All measures of adiposity were significantly associated with metabolic risk factors in a sample of Portuguese adolescents
- Alteração no consumo de fruta e sopa durante a gravidez e a sua associação com o índice de massa corporal pré-gestacionalPublication . Abreu, Sandra; Santos, Paula Clara; Moreira, Carla; Vale, Susana; Santos, Rute; Soares-Miranda, Luísa; Mota, Jorge; Moreira, PedroEncontra-se descrito que durante a gravidez, em benefício da saúde do feto, a mulher altera alguns dos seus hábitos alimentares. O objectivo deste estudo foi determinar as alterações no consumo de fruta e sopa na gravidez de acordo com o IMC pré-gestacional.
- Association between milk intake, leisure-time physical activity and abdominal obesity in girls 2012Publication . Abreu, Sandra; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Carla; Santos, Paula Clara; Vale, Susana; Soares-Miranda, Luísa; Mota, Jorge; Moreira, PedroDiet and physical activity are recognized as important factors to prevent abdominal obesity (AO), which is strongly associated with chronic disease (type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, etc.).
- Atividade física na gravidez e a sua influência nos ganhos ponderaisPublication . Santos, Paula Clara; Couto, Miriam; Soares, Luísa; Abreu, Sandra; Moreira, Carla; Silva, Pedro; Ferreira, Margarida; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Pedro; Montenegro, Nuno; Mota, JorgeComparativamente às grávidas com um peso saudável, as grávidas com excesso de peso ou obesidade têm um aumentado de diabetes gestacional, pré-eclâmpsia, parto induzido, cesariana, prematuridade e macrossomia. Existem várias recomendações quanto à prática de atividade física. Vários estudos revelam que esta prática tem efeitos positivos no que diz respeito ao cumprimento das recomendações do ganho ponderal na gravidez. No entanto, alguns estudos revelaram não haver diferenças no ganho ponderal materno entre grávidas que praticam e as que não praticam exercício.
- Body fatness, cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammatory markers In adolescentsPublication . Moreira, Carla; Abreu, Sandra; Santos, Paula C.; Lopes, LuísThe alarming increase in obesity worldwide and the decrease in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels among adolescents are of concern in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between body fatness, CRF, and inflammatory markers [C-reactive protein (C-RP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and leptin] in a sample of Portuguese adolescents. We assessed the hypothesis that adolescents with higher body fatness and lower CRF levels will have an increased level of inflammatory markers. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 529 Portuguese adolescents (268 girls) aged 12-18 years (mean age 14.3±1.7). Body fatness (BF) was assessed using the Bioelectric Impedance Analysis. Intravenous blood samples were taken after an overnight fast to determine inflammatory markers (C-RP, IL-6, TNF-α, and leptin). CRF was measured with the 20m-Shuttle-Run-Test from the Fitnessgram battery test as number of laps. Pearson correlation was used for bivariate associations between BF, CRF and inflammatory markers. Linear regression analyses were used to examine the association between BF, CRF and inflammation markers with adjustments for age and sex. Pearson’s correlation analyses, adjusted for age and sex, revealed that BF was positively correlated with leptin (r=0.640, P <0.001) and C-RP (r=0.235, P <0.001), and negatively correlated with CRF (r= -0.473, P <0.001) whereas CRF was inversely correlated leptin (r= -0.420, P <0.001) and C-RP (r= –0.226, P <0.001). Among the inflammatory markers leptin (β= 0.188, p<0.001) and C-RP (β= 0.030, p<0.05) were positively associated with BF whereas leptin (β= -0,160, p<0.001) and C-RP (β= -0.56, p<0.001) were inversely associated with CRF, conversely, TNF-α (β= 0.118, p<0.05) showed a positive association with CRF. No associations were found between BF, CRF and IL-6. Our findings emphasize the importance of increasing CRF levels and decrease body fatness among adolescents in order to prevent metabolic abnormalities predisposed to or associated inflammation and thus contribute to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases later in life.
- Capacidade de diferentes medidas de adiposidade para discriminar o risco metabólico em adolescentesPublication . Moreira, Carla Marisa Maia; Santos, Rute; Vale, Susana; Santos, Paula; Abreu, Sandra; Marques, Ana; Soares-Miranda, Luisa; Mota, JorgeEste estudo tem como objectivo determinar o poder discriminante das diferentes medidas de adiposidade: índice de massa corporal (IMC), perímetro da cintura (PC) e rácio cintura-altura (RCA) na identificação do risco metabólico em adolescentes açorianos.
- Cardiorespiratory fitness is negatively associated with metabolic risk factors independently of the adherence to a healthy dietary patternPublication . Moreira, Carla; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Pedro; Lobelo, F.; Ruiz, J. R.; Vale, Susana; Santos, Paula Clara; Abreu, Sandra; Mota, JorgeCardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and diet have been involved as significant factors towards the prevention of cardio-metabolic diseases. This study aimed to assess the impact of the combined associations of CRF and adherence to the Southern European Atlantic Diet (SEADiet) on the clustering of metabolic risk factors in adolescents. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted on 468 adolescents aged 15-18, from the Azorean Islands, Portugal. We measured fasting glucose, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, waits circumference and height. HOMA, TC/HDL-C ratio and waist-to-height ratio were calculated. For each of these variables, a Z-score was computed by age and sex. A metabolic risk score (MRS) was constructed by summing the Z scores of all individual risk factors. High risk was considered when the individual had 1SD of this score. CRF was measured with the 20 m-Shuttle-Run- Test. Adherence to SEADiet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression showed that, after adjusting for potential confounders, unfit adolescents with low adherence to SEADiet had the highest odds of having MRS (OR Z 9.4; 95%CI:2.6e33.3) followed by the unfit ones with high adherence to the SEADiet (OR Z 6.6; 95% CI: 1.9e22.5) when compared to those who were fit and had higher adherence to SEADiet.
- Cultural adaptation and validation of the “Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire” for the Portuguese populationPublication . Santos, Paula Clara; Maciel, Leonardo Y. S.; Abreu, Sandra; Mesquita, Ana Rita; Mesquita, Cristina; Lopes, Sofia; Mota, JorgeThe lack of instruments to assess the level of physical activity in pregnant women, led to the development of the PPAQ (Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire), a self-administered questionnaire, which has already been translated in several countries and has already been used in several studies. Translate and adapt the PPAQ into Portuguese and test its reliability and validity. An analytical observational study was carried out. Linguistic and semantic equivalence was performed through translation and back-translation and content validity was tested by a panel of experts. To test reliability, a test-retest was performed on a sample of 184 pregnant women, with an interval of 7 days and the ICC was used. To test the criterion validity, Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used between the PPAQ and the accelerometer, in a sample of 226 pregnant women. The questionnaire was considered comprehensive. The ICC values of Reliability were: total score (0.77); sedentary activities (0.87); light-intensity activities (0.76); moderate-intensity activities (0.76); vigorous-intensity activities (0.70). For criterion validity was obtained a coefficient correlation of r = -0.030, considered weak and negative, for total activity. This study describes the translation and validation process of the PPAQ questionnaire from English to Portuguese. The final version of the PPAQ was considered as a valid instrument in terms of content to measure physical activity and was referred to as being simple to apply and easy to understand. The PPAQ has content validity, excellent reliability and weak criterion validity, as in the original version.
- Effects of 6-month soccer and traditional physical activity programmes on body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory, oxidative stress markers and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese boysPublication . Seabra, André; Katzmarzyk, Peter; Carvalho, Maria José; Seabra, Ana; Coelho-E-Silva, Manuel; Abreu, Sandra; Vale, Susana; Póvoas, Susana; Nascimento, Henrique; Belo, Luís; Torres, Sandra; Oliveira, José; Mota, Jorge; Santos-Silva, Alice; Rêgo, Carla; Malina, Robert M.Physical activity is important in obesity prevention, but the effectiveness of different physical activity modalities remains to be determined among children. The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a 6-month soccer programme and a traditional physical activity programme on changes in body composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers, cardiorespiratory fitness and perceived psychological status in obese boys. Eighty-eight boys (8-12 years; BMI > +2 standard deviations of WHO reference values) participated in one of three groups: soccer, traditional activity and control. Soccer and traditional activity programmes involved 3 sessions per week for 60-90 min at an average intensity of 70-80% of maximal heart rate. Control group participated in activities of normal daily living. All boys participated in school physical education, two sessions per week of 45-90-min. Measurements were taken at baseline and after 6 months, and included body size and composition, cardiometabolic risk factors, inflammatory and oxidative markers, cardiorespiratory fitness and perceived psychological status. Physical activity and dietary intake were assessed before and immediately following the intervention. The three groups had similar characteristics at baseline. After 6 months, both intervention groups had significantly lower relative fatness (% fat), waist circumference and total cholesterol, and higher cardiorespiratory fitness, self-esteem, perceived physical competence and attraction to physical activity compared with control group. In conclusion, physical activity interventions over 6 months positively influenced several indicators of health status among obese boys. The results also suggested that soccer has the potential as an effective tool for the prevention and reduction of childhood obesity and associated consequences.
- Food consumption, physical activity and socio-economic status related to BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio in adolescentsPublication . Abreu, Sandra; Santos, Rute; Moreira, Carla; Santos, Paula Clara; Mota, Jorge; Moreira, PedroTo examine the association between obesity and food group intakes, physical activity and socio-economic status in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 2008. Cole's cut-off points were used to categorize BMI. Abdominal obesity was defined by a waist circumference at or above the 90th percentile, as well as a waist-to-height ratio at or above 0·500. Diet was evaluated using an FFQ, and the food group consumption was categorized using sex-specific tertiles of each food group amount. Physical activity was assessed via a self-report questionnaire. Socio-economic status was assessed referring to parental education and employment status. Data were analysed separately for girls and boys and the associations among food consumption, physical activity, socio-economic status and BMI, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio were evaluated using logistic regression analysis, adjusting the results for potential confounders. Public schools in the Azorean Archipelago, Portugal. Adolescents (n 1209) aged 15–18 years. After adjustment, in boys, higher intake of ready-to-eat cereals was a negative predictor while vegetables were a positive predictor of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Active boys had lower odds of abdominal obesity compared with inactive boys. Boys whose mother showed a low education level had higher odds of abdominal obesity compared with boys whose mother presented a high education level. Concerning girls, higher intake of sweets and pastries was a negative predictor of overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity. Girls in tertile 2 of milk intake had lower odds of abdominal obesity than those in tertile 1. Girls whose father had no relationship with employment displayed higher odds of abdominal obesity compared with girls whose father had high employment status. We have found that different measures of obesity have distinct associations with food group intakes, physical activity and socio-economic status.
- «
- 1 (current)
- 2
- 3
- »