ESS - RADT - Radioterapia
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Percorrer ESS - RADT - Radioterapia por autor "Aires, Fátima"
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- Application of gold nanoparticles as radiosensitizer for metastatic prostate cancer cell linesPublication . Soares, Sílvia; Faria, Isabel; Aires, Fátima; Monteiro, Armanda; Pinto, Gabriela; Sales, Maria Goreti; Correa-Duarte, Miguel A.; Guerreiro, Susana G.; Fernandes, RúbenMore than 50% of all prostate cancer (PCa) patients are treated by radiotherapy (RT). Radioresistance and cancer recurrence are two consequences of the therapy and are related to dose heterogeneity and non-selectivity between normal and tumoral cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could be used as potential radiosensitizers to overcome these therapeutic limitations of RT. This study assessed the biological interaction of different morphologies of AuNPs with ionizing radiation (IR) in PCa cells. To achieve that aim, three different amine-pegylated AuNPs were synthesized with distinct sizes and shapes (spherical, AuNPsp-PEG, star, AuNPst-PEG, and rods, AuNPr-PEG) and viability, injury and colony assays were used to analyze their biological effect on PCa cells (PC3, DU145, and LNCaP) when submitted to the accumulative fraction of RT. The combinatory effect of AuNPs with IR decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis compared to cells treated only with IR or untreated cells. Additionally, our results showed an increase in the sensitization enhancement ratio by cells treated with AuNPs and IR, and this effect is cell line dependent. Our findings support that the design of AuNPs modulated their cellular behavior and suggested that AuNPs could improve the RT efficacy in PCa cells.
- Evaluation of radiotherapy doses in pediatric patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma: Monte Carlo SimulationsPublication . Mota, Inês; Sá, Ana Cravo; Costa, Fernando; Monteiro, Armanda; Aires, Fátima; Faria, IsabelHodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is one of the most common cancers in children, and radiotherapy (RT) is a crucial part of treatment. However, the risk of late effects, such as cardiotoxicity and secondary malignant neoplasms, is a concern due to radiation exposure to critical organs[2-8]. Advanced dose calculation methods, such as Monte Carlo Methods (MCMs), can improve dosimetry accuracy and help minimize these risks[9,10]. This study aims to assess organ doses in pediatric patients undergoing RT for HL. The research was structured into three main components: a systematic literature review, dose calculations using the Eclipse treatment planning system and simulations using the PRIMO software. Information was collected from the Pubmed database on the effect of doses on the organs of pediatric patients undergoing RT for HL. The search terms and the Boolean operator were used in the following search query: ((Hodgkin) AND (Late effects)) AND (Pediatric). A total of 17 articles were considered. PRIMO simulations showed greater accuracy with lower uncertainties than Eclipse. PRIMO calculated a heart dose of 1645 mGy, while Eclipse estimated 2142 mGy. For the breasts, PRIMO calculated 243 mGy versus 189 mGy in Eclipse. Though small, these differences may have clinical relevance, as studies indicate that doses above 20-30 Gy raise the risk of late effects like breast cancer and cardiotoxicity. PRIMO’s precision makes it more reliable for assessing pediatric radiation exposure, where accurate dosimetry is key to minimizing long-term risks. The comparative analysis showed that PRIMO, using MCMs offers more detailed and accurate dose calculations than Eclipse TPS. Incorporating MCMs into clinical protocols can improve the assessment of radiation risks and better protect critical organs, promoting safer and more effective treatment for pediatric HL patients.