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Abstract(s)
Desde a sua invenção no século XIX que a bicicleta tem um papel importante na sociedade. Atualmente, com a procura por um estilo de vida mais saudável e por meios de transporte mais sustentáveis e limpos, a bicicleta tem voltado a ganhar importância. As bicicletas elétricas que combinam força humana com energia elétrica, têm tornado a bicicleta ainda mais apelativa, assim como bicicletas de carga que permitem deslocamento em família e a estabelecimentos comerciais. O aumento da procura de bicicletas, especialmente bicicletas elétricas e de carga, que têm um peso mais elevado, a existência de processos de montagem cada vez mais rápidos e automatizados e um desejo dos fabricantes de bicicletas por linhas de montagem que ocupem menos área na fábrica, tem tornado as linhas aéreas de montagem cada vez mais atrativas. O âmbito desta dissertação consiste no desenvolvimento de um suporte para utilizar numa linha de montagem que está a ser desenvolvida em simultâneo. Este suporte é capaz de rodar a bicicleta em dois eixos e de movê-la na vertical para aproximar a bicicleta do solo no final da montagem, para facilitar o processo de saída da bicicleta da linha de montagem. O seu movimento relativamente à linha é efetuado através de duas correntes alimentadas por um motor. A estrutura foi dimensionada para garantir elevada rigidez durante a montagem de bicicletas e os componentes e ligações foram todos dimensionados tendo em conta bicicletas até 50 kg, o
que permite que o suporte seja utilizado para montar uma gama amplamente alargada de bicicletas. A fixação da bicicleta, a rotação sobre o eixo horizontal e a translação na vertical é efetuada com o auxílio de ferramentas elétricas de modo a tornar o processo mais simples, cómodo e rápido, permitindo elevada produtividade. A saúde e segurança dos operadores é de elevada importância. No desenvolvimento do
suporte, teve-se em consideração a ergonomia dos operadores e foram tomadas medidas para proteger os trabalhadores de situações potencialmente perigosas.
Since its invention in the 19th century, the bicycle has played an important role in society. Currently, with the search for a healthier lifestyle and more sustainable and clean means of transportation, bicycles have once again gained importance. Electric bicycles that combine human strength with electrical energy have made cycling even more appealing, as have cargo bicycles that allow family travel and shopping. The increase in demand for bicycles, especially electric and cargo bicycles, which have a higher weight, the existence of increasingly faster and automated assembly processes and a desire by bicycle manufacturers for assembly lines that take up less area in the factory, has made overhead assembly lines increasingly attractive. The scope of this dissertation consists of the development of a support to be used in an assembly line that is being developed simultaneously. This support can rotate the bicycle on two axes and move it vertically to bring the bicycle closer to the ground at the end of assembly, to facilitate the process of taking the bicycle off the assembly line. Its movement relative to the line is carried out by two chains powered by a motor. The structure was sized to ensure high rigidity when assembling bicycles and the components and connections were all sized considering bicycles up to 50 kg, which allows the support to be used to mount a wide range of bicycles. The bicycle is secured, rotated around the horizontal axis and moved vertically using electric tools to make the process simpler, more comfortable and faster, allowing for high productivity. The health and safety of operators is of high importance. When developing the support, the ergonomics of operators were considered, and measures were taken to protect workers from potentially dangerous situations.
Since its invention in the 19th century, the bicycle has played an important role in society. Currently, with the search for a healthier lifestyle and more sustainable and clean means of transportation, bicycles have once again gained importance. Electric bicycles that combine human strength with electrical energy have made cycling even more appealing, as have cargo bicycles that allow family travel and shopping. The increase in demand for bicycles, especially electric and cargo bicycles, which have a higher weight, the existence of increasingly faster and automated assembly processes and a desire by bicycle manufacturers for assembly lines that take up less area in the factory, has made overhead assembly lines increasingly attractive. The scope of this dissertation consists of the development of a support to be used in an assembly line that is being developed simultaneously. This support can rotate the bicycle on two axes and move it vertically to bring the bicycle closer to the ground at the end of assembly, to facilitate the process of taking the bicycle off the assembly line. Its movement relative to the line is carried out by two chains powered by a motor. The structure was sized to ensure high rigidity when assembling bicycles and the components and connections were all sized considering bicycles up to 50 kg, which allows the support to be used to mount a wide range of bicycles. The bicycle is secured, rotated around the horizontal axis and moved vertically using electric tools to make the process simpler, more comfortable and faster, allowing for high productivity. The health and safety of operators is of high importance. When developing the support, the ergonomics of operators were considered, and measures were taken to protect workers from potentially dangerous situations.
Description
Keywords
Mechanical design Assembly line Bicycle Projeto mecânico Linha de montagem Bicicleta