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Publication
Impacto das melhorias ergonómicas na produtividade, segurança e saúde dos trabalhadores
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação avalia o impacto de melhorias ergonómicas na produtividade, segurança e saúde, aplicadas a um posto de soldadura numa empresa do setor da construção modular (KAMOS, Lda). O estudo seguiu uma abordagem em três momentos: diagnóstico inicial das queixas músculoesqueléticas através do Questionário Nórdico Musculoesquelético (QNM-E), avaliação postural com o método Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) seguido de intervenção sustentada por dados antropométricos, culminando no ajuste da altura da mesa de soldadura para 1115 mm. Passados 30 dias, a intervenção foi reavaliada com os mesmos métodos utilizados anteriormente. Verificou-se uma redução substancial do risco postural. A sintomatologia
melhorou de forma clinicamente relevante, com eliminação da dor lombar e redução da dor na região do pescoço, mantendo-se inalterada a queixa no punho/mão, atribuída às exigências do processo e equipamento. O tempo médio de ciclo aumentou de 96 segundos para 113 segundos o que representa um aumento médio do tempo de ciclo de 17 segundos. Este aumento de tempo de ciclo não provocou nenhuma diminuição de produção diária, resultado do menor número de microparagens por desconforto, demonstrando que ganhos ergonómicos se traduzem em eficiência de todo o sistema e não apenas em tempos de operação. O estudo, de natureza caso único e com horizonte de 30 dias, apresenta limitações à generalização e à inferência causal estrita. Ainda assim, oferece um caminho replicável (diagnóstico-intervenção-reavaliação) e evidencia que pequenas alterações físicas, quando adequadamente dimensionadas, podem produzir ganhos cumulativos em saúde, estabilidade do processo e do desempenho. Conclui-se que ajustes simples e mensuráveis, baseados em
ergonomia e antropometria, potenciam benefícios cumulativos em saúde e desempenho.
The present dissertation assesses the impact of ergonomic improvements on productivity, safety, and health at a welding workstation in a modular construction company (KAMOS, Lda). The study followed a three-stage approach: an initial diagnosis of musculoskeletal complaints using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E), postural assessment with the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method followed by an intervention informed by anthropometric data, culminating in adjusting the welding table height to 1115 mm. After 30 days, the intervention was reassessed using the same methods. A substantial reduction in postural risk was observed. Symptoms improved in a clinically meaningful way, with elimination of low back pain and a reduction in neck pain, while the wrist/hand complaint remained unchanged, attributed to the demands of the process and equipment. The average cycle time increased from 96 seconds to 113 seconds, representing a 17 seconds increase. This longer cycle time did not cause any decrease in daily output, due to fewer micro-stoppages from discomfort, demonstrating that ergonomic gains translate into whole-system efficiency rather than merely shorter operation times. Given its single-case design and 30-day horizon, the study has limitations with respect to generalizability and strict causal inference. Even so, it offers a replicable pathway (diagnosis–intervention–reassessment) and shows that small physical changes, when properly dimensioned, can yield cumulative benefits in health, process stability, and performance. It concludes that simple, measurable adjustments based on ergonomics and anthropometry can amplify cumulative health and performance gains.
The present dissertation assesses the impact of ergonomic improvements on productivity, safety, and health at a welding workstation in a modular construction company (KAMOS, Lda). The study followed a three-stage approach: an initial diagnosis of musculoskeletal complaints using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E), postural assessment with the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method followed by an intervention informed by anthropometric data, culminating in adjusting the welding table height to 1115 mm. After 30 days, the intervention was reassessed using the same methods. A substantial reduction in postural risk was observed. Symptoms improved in a clinically meaningful way, with elimination of low back pain and a reduction in neck pain, while the wrist/hand complaint remained unchanged, attributed to the demands of the process and equipment. The average cycle time increased from 96 seconds to 113 seconds, representing a 17 seconds increase. This longer cycle time did not cause any decrease in daily output, due to fewer micro-stoppages from discomfort, demonstrating that ergonomic gains translate into whole-system efficiency rather than merely shorter operation times. Given its single-case design and 30-day horizon, the study has limitations with respect to generalizability and strict causal inference. Even so, it offers a replicable pathway (diagnosis–intervention–reassessment) and shows that small physical changes, when properly dimensioned, can yield cumulative benefits in health, process stability, and performance. It concludes that simple, measurable adjustments based on ergonomics and anthropometry can amplify cumulative health and performance gains.
Description
Keywords
Ergonomics Anthropometry Musculoskeletal disorders Productivity Health Ergonomia Antropometria Lesões músculo-esuqeléticas Produtividade Saúde