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Abstract(s)
Os eletrolisadores têm como função produzir hidrogénio, como produto final, separando a molécula de água através da corrente elétrica. Neste caso, a produção de hidrogénio tem de ser realizada com base em fontes de energia renovável, tornando assim o hidrogénio “verde”. O presente trabalho tem como principal objetivo estudar e comparar duas tecnologias de eletrolisadores, de modo a analisar a viabilidade económica de cada um deles, realizando uma orçamentação através de dois softwares de custos. O processo separa-se em cinco fases, com cinco custos, associados a cada uma com o intuito de verificar qual a tecnologia mais rentável. Primeiramente, foi colocada água num tanque específico, interligando o eletrolisador, previamente conectado com o conjunto do transformador/retificador. De seguida foi necessário comprimir o hidrogénio para o armazenar em tanques apropriados. Os valores técnicos foram calculados através de um simulador para cada uma das tecnologias, obtendo resultados díspares sobretudo a nível de pressão e de volume. No processo alcalino, esse volume, que é necessário no armazenamento de hidrogénio, é muito mais baixo do que o volume armazenado através do eletrolisador PEM. Posteriormente, utilizou-se uma ferramenta de cálculo que permite, através dos valores encontrados no simulador, calcular os cinco custos para cada uma das duas tecnologias (trabalho, energia/água, componentes, edifício e manutenção) até chegar a uma importância final. O custo total de fabricação do eletrolisador alcalino e seus constituintes foi de 316 786 €/ano e do eletrolisador PEM foi de 317 658 €/ano. Apesar destes valores não serem muito distintos, o que realmente fez diferença foi o custo por metro cúbico de cada um deles, em que a fabricação do processo alcalino acaba por ser bastante mais dispendiosa em relação ao processo do eletrolisador PEM.
The function of electrolyzers is to produce hydrogen, as a final product, by separating the water molecule through electric current. In this case, this hydrogen production must be performed based on renewable energy sources, thus making hydrogen "green". The main goal of the present work is to study and compare two electrolyzer technologies to analyze the economic viability of each of them, making a budgeting through two cost software. The process is separated into five phases with five costs associated with each to verify which technology is more profitable. First, the water was placed in a tank, to then interconnect with the electrolyzer, previously connected with the transformer/rectifier set. Next it was necessary to compress the hydrogen, to store it in appropriate tanks. The technical values were calculated through a simulator for each of the technologies, obtaining disparate results especially in terms of pressure and volume. In the alkaline process, that volume, that is required in hydrogen storage, is much lower than the volume stored using the PEM electrolyzer. Subsequently, a calculation tool was used, through the values found in the simulator, to calculate the five costs for each of the two technologies (labor, energy/water, components, building and maintenance) until arriving at a final price: the total manufacturing cost of the alkaline electrolyzer and its constituents was 316,786 €/year and the PEM electrolyzer was 317,658 €/year. Although these values are not very distinct, what really made the difference was the cost per cubic meter of each one, where the manufacturing of the alkaline process ends up being much more expensive in relation to the PEM electrolyzer process.
The function of electrolyzers is to produce hydrogen, as a final product, by separating the water molecule through electric current. In this case, this hydrogen production must be performed based on renewable energy sources, thus making hydrogen "green". The main goal of the present work is to study and compare two electrolyzer technologies to analyze the economic viability of each of them, making a budgeting through two cost software. The process is separated into five phases with five costs associated with each to verify which technology is more profitable. First, the water was placed in a tank, to then interconnect with the electrolyzer, previously connected with the transformer/rectifier set. Next it was necessary to compress the hydrogen, to store it in appropriate tanks. The technical values were calculated through a simulator for each of the technologies, obtaining disparate results especially in terms of pressure and volume. In the alkaline process, that volume, that is required in hydrogen storage, is much lower than the volume stored using the PEM electrolyzer. Subsequently, a calculation tool was used, through the values found in the simulator, to calculate the five costs for each of the two technologies (labor, energy/water, components, building and maintenance) until arriving at a final price: the total manufacturing cost of the alkaline electrolyzer and its constituents was 316,786 €/year and the PEM electrolyzer was 317,658 €/year. Although these values are not very distinct, what really made the difference was the cost per cubic meter of each one, where the manufacturing of the alkaline process ends up being much more expensive in relation to the PEM electrolyzer process.
Description
Keywords
Hidrogénio Verde Alcalino PEM Eletrolisador Tanque Análise de custo Green Hydrogen Alkaline Electrolyzer Tank Cost analysis