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Abstract(s)
Esta dissertação descreve as medidas e ações tomadas para a melhoria de processos produtivos de extrusão. Esta melhoria decorre em contexto empresarial numa empresa situada em Vila do Conde. A sua principal gama operatória prende-se com o fabrico de tubagens PEX (polietileno reticulado), tubo corrugado e ainda multicamada. Partiu-se inicialmente com três grandes objetivos: controlo de desperdícios, controlo e minimização de falhas e controlo de parâmetros de processo. Relativamente ao objetivo associado ao controlo de desperdícios foram elaborados procedimentos operativos de misturas que dão origem ao produto acabado (PE-Xb e PEXa), levou-se a cabo uma solicitação técnica com o objetivo de determinar a quantidade máxima de retração associada ao tubo de PE-Xb que culminou numa diminuição de tubo excedentário expedida. Elaborou-se ainda um procedimento de resolução de problemas. Relativamente ao segundo objetivo, controlo e minimização de falhas elaborou-se procedimentos operativos de arranque associados às linhas de trabalho para a padronização das tarefas. Quanto ao último objetivo, controlo de parâmetros de processo, fez-se o acompanhamento diário de fabricação e procedeu-se à elaboração de fichas técnicas auxiliares de arranque em função do produto, linha e matéria prima. O conjunto destas ações e de outras levadas a cabo deram origem a um aumento significativo de velocidades de fabricação de tubos. Para o cumprimento destes objetivos teve-se por base a implementação da metodologia dos 5S, ferramentas da qualidade tais como diagrama de Ishikawa e ainda o ciclo PDCA.
This dissertation describes the measures and actions taken to improvement extrusion production processes. These improvements take place in a business context in a company located in Vila do Conde. Its main operating range is the manufacture of PEX (cross-linked polyethylene), corrugated and even multilayer pipes. Initially it was set out with three major objectives waste control, fault control and minimization and process parameter control. Regarding the objective associated with waste control, operating procedures were developed for the preparation of the mixtures that give rise to the finished product (PEXb and PE-Xa). A technical request was made to determine the maximum amount of shrinkage. PE-Xb tube which resulted in an expedited excess tube shrinkage. A problem-solving procedure was also developed. Regarding the second objective, fault control and minimization, start-up operating procedures associated with the work lines were developed to standardize the tasks. Regarding the last objective, control of process parameters, the daily manufacturing follow-up was made, and the auxiliary start-up sheets were elaborated according to the product, line and raw material. All of these and other actions have led to a significant increase in pipe manufacturing speeds. In order to achieve these objectives, the 5S methodology, quality tools such as ishikawa diagram and the PDCA cycle were implemented.
This dissertation describes the measures and actions taken to improvement extrusion production processes. These improvements take place in a business context in a company located in Vila do Conde. Its main operating range is the manufacture of PEX (cross-linked polyethylene), corrugated and even multilayer pipes. Initially it was set out with three major objectives waste control, fault control and minimization and process parameter control. Regarding the objective associated with waste control, operating procedures were developed for the preparation of the mixtures that give rise to the finished product (PEXb and PE-Xa). A technical request was made to determine the maximum amount of shrinkage. PE-Xb tube which resulted in an expedited excess tube shrinkage. A problem-solving procedure was also developed. Regarding the second objective, fault control and minimization, start-up operating procedures associated with the work lines were developed to standardize the tasks. Regarding the last objective, control of process parameters, the daily manufacturing follow-up was made, and the auxiliary start-up sheets were elaborated according to the product, line and raw material. All of these and other actions have led to a significant increase in pipe manufacturing speeds. In order to achieve these objectives, the 5S methodology, quality tools such as ishikawa diagram and the PDCA cycle were implemented.
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Keywords
Melhoria 5S Ciclo PDCA Ferramentas da qualidade PE-Xb PE-Xa Multicamada Improvement PDCA Cycle Quality Tools Multilayer