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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Devido à elevada competitividade internacional, a engenharia da indústria automóvel
é fortemente pressionada a seguir os requisitos com maior expressividade no
mercado, nomeadamente para aumentar a segurança e o conforto, para reduzir o
consumo de matérias primas e custos, assim como para reduzir o tempo de chegada
de produtos novos ao mercado.
A presente dissertação tem como objetivo principal a realização de um projeto para
satisfazer uma necessidade real da indústria automóvel. O produto objeto de estudo e
desenvolvimento foi um sistema, designado por base rotativa, para permitir a rotação
dos bancos do condutor e passageiro de veículos da categoria M1, autocaravanas,
destinado sobretudo ao mercado alemão.
No projeto da presente dissertação procura-se descrever as principais fases de
desenvolvimento, otimização e validação do produto, assim como, descrever os
requisitos exigidos para a sua realização. Para atingir os objetivos do projeto, recorreuse a várias ferramentas computacionais de modelação e definição dos desenhos do
projeto, de otimização estrutural do modelo, de simulação numérica pelo MEF
(Método de Elementos Finitos) e à experimentação, através de ensaios destrutivos do
modelo.
Este trabalho, para além de ser um desafio interessante de engenharia que se
concretizou num produto real, permitiu também perceber que no projeto é
importante saber combinar os métodos numéricos e os métodos experimentais, assim
como, obter um modelo virtual o mais aproximado possível do modelo real que
permita reduzir o número de ensaios experimentais.
De acordo com as expetativas, todo o ciclo de design & desenvolvimento do produto
só foi oficialmente validado após a realização com sucesso do ensaio experimental de
homologação num laboratório da TUV na Alemanha. Para certificar este produto foi
necessário atender a regulamentação estabelecida na diretiva 76/115/CEE (ECE – R14).
Due to the high international competitiveness, the engineering of the automotive industry is strongly pressured to follow the requirements with greater expressiveness in the market, namely, to increase safety and comfort, to reduce the consumption of raw materials and costs, as well to increase the speed to market of new products. The main goal of this dissertation's work is to carry out a project to satisfy a real need in the automotive industry. The product under study and development was a system, designated as a swivel base, to allow the rotation of the driver and passenger seats of vehicles of the M1 category (vans), for the German market. In the project of this dissertation, the main phases of product development, optimization and validation are described, as well as the requirements required for its realization. To achieve the objectives of the project, several computational tools were used for modeling and defining the design drawings, structural optimization of the model, numerical simulation by the FEM (Finite Element Method) and experimentation, through destructive tests of the model. The work developed in this dissertation allowed not only to carry out a complete project, but also to understand the importance of knowing how to combine numerical and experimental methods, as well as obtaining a virtual model as close as possible to the real model in order to reduce the number of experimental tests. According to expectations, the entire product design & development cycle was only officially validated after the successful approval test in a TUV laboratory in Germany. To certify this product, it was necessary to comply with the regulations established in directive 76/115 / EEC (ECE - R14).
Due to the high international competitiveness, the engineering of the automotive industry is strongly pressured to follow the requirements with greater expressiveness in the market, namely, to increase safety and comfort, to reduce the consumption of raw materials and costs, as well to increase the speed to market of new products. The main goal of this dissertation's work is to carry out a project to satisfy a real need in the automotive industry. The product under study and development was a system, designated as a swivel base, to allow the rotation of the driver and passenger seats of vehicles of the M1 category (vans), for the German market. In the project of this dissertation, the main phases of product development, optimization and validation are described, as well as the requirements required for its realization. To achieve the objectives of the project, several computational tools were used for modeling and defining the design drawings, structural optimization of the model, numerical simulation by the FEM (Finite Element Method) and experimentation, through destructive tests of the model. The work developed in this dissertation allowed not only to carry out a complete project, but also to understand the importance of knowing how to combine numerical and experimental methods, as well as obtaining a virtual model as close as possible to the real model in order to reduce the number of experimental tests. According to expectations, the entire product design & development cycle was only officially validated after the successful approval test in a TUV laboratory in Germany. To certify this product, it was necessary to comply with the regulations established in directive 76/115 / EEC (ECE - R14).
Description
Keywords
Projeto Indústria automóvel Qualidade Método de elementos finitos (MEF) Simulação numérica Otimização estrutural Ensaio experimental de validação Ensaio de homologação Mechanical design Automotive industry Quality Finite element method (FEM) Numerical simulation Structural optimization Experimental validation test Homologation test