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Abstract(s)
Nesta dissertação é abordada a importância da exploração do recurso solar para o aumento da eficiência energética, promoção do crescimento económico e sustentável de Angola. Com intuito de avaliar o potencial solar de Angola, utilizando o software PvSyst, foram dimensionados dois sistemas fotovoltaicos residenciais para a capital de Angola, Luanda. Ambos os sistemas são acoplados à rede, um sem sistema de armazenamento e outro com sistema de armazenamento em baterias. Inicialmente realizou-se uma pesquisa acerca da estrutura e funcionamento do sistema elétrico de Angola, seguida de uma abordagem mais teórica acerca das temáticas mais importantes sobre a energia fotovoltaica, nomeadamente, o seu princípio de funcionamento, os diversos sistemas fotovoltaicos e dos equipamentos mais utilizados. Além da análise técnica dos sistemas dimensionados é feita uma avaliação económica dos sistemas, a fim de comprovar a sua viabilidade e comparar os custos associados aos sistemas FV dimensionados e os custos de obtenção dos combustíveis fósseis mais utilizados em Angola para alimentar os geradores elétricos. Para a determinação do custo total de investimento foi utilizado o PvSyst onde, foram contabilizados todos os custos associados aos sistemas. Para a avaliação da rentabilidade financeira dos sistemas FV foram considerandos dois cenários distintos utilizando um período de 20 anos. No primeiro cenário são utilizadas as tarifas mínimas praticadas em Angola para compra e venda de energia, enquanto no segundo cenário de análise económica procurou-se definir uma tarifa de energia que tornasse o investimento rentável e com um período de amortização considerável.
This dissertation is going to address the importance of the exploration of the solar resources to increase the energy efficiency, the promotion of the economy growth and sustainable of Angola. With the aim to evaluate the Angola’s solar potential, using the PvSyst software two residential photovoltaics systems were dimensioned for Angola’s capital city, Luanda. Both systems are connected to the network, one of them without storage system and the other one with a battery storage system. Initially researchers were made about the electrical structure and functioning of Angola, followed by a more theoretical approach to the issue of photovoltaic energy, in particular, its working principles, the various photovoltaic systems and the most used equipments. Furthermore, in addition to the technical analysis of the dimensioned systems, an economic evaluation is carried out to prove its viability and compare the cost associated with the dimensioned FV systems and the cost to obtain the fossil fuels most used in Angola to power electric generators. Nevertheless, to determine the total investment cost was used the PvSyst where all costs associated with the systems were accounted. To evaluate the financial profitability of the FV systems were considered two distinct scenarios using a period of 20 years. In the first scenario, the minimum tariffs practiced in Angola for the purchase and sale of energy are used, while in the second scenario, sought to define an energy tariff that would make the investment profitable with a considerable amortization period.
This dissertation is going to address the importance of the exploration of the solar resources to increase the energy efficiency, the promotion of the economy growth and sustainable of Angola. With the aim to evaluate the Angola’s solar potential, using the PvSyst software two residential photovoltaics systems were dimensioned for Angola’s capital city, Luanda. Both systems are connected to the network, one of them without storage system and the other one with a battery storage system. Initially researchers were made about the electrical structure and functioning of Angola, followed by a more theoretical approach to the issue of photovoltaic energy, in particular, its working principles, the various photovoltaic systems and the most used equipments. Furthermore, in addition to the technical analysis of the dimensioned systems, an economic evaluation is carried out to prove its viability and compare the cost associated with the dimensioned FV systems and the cost to obtain the fossil fuels most used in Angola to power electric generators. Nevertheless, to determine the total investment cost was used the PvSyst where all costs associated with the systems were accounted. To evaluate the financial profitability of the FV systems were considered two distinct scenarios using a period of 20 years. In the first scenario, the minimum tariffs practiced in Angola for the purchase and sale of energy are used, while in the second scenario, sought to define an energy tariff that would make the investment profitable with a considerable amortization period.
Description
Keywords
Angola Energia elétrica Energia fotovoltaica Potencial solar Sistema fotovoltaico Crescimento económico Sustentabilidade Electric power Photovoltaic energy Photovoltaic system Economic growth Sustainability