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Abstract(s)
O tema desta dissertação consiste em perceber o impacto do congestionamento no roteamento de veículos para a logística urbana. Para que esse estudo seja realizado é necessário incorporar o congestionamento num modelo de VRP de forma a avaliar o seu impacto na definição das rotas dos veículos. De modo a se proceder a este estudo, foi adotado um modelo de cálculo de emissões com a finalidade de diminuir as mesmas e, por consequência, diminuir a utilização dos horários de maior trânsito. De seguida, foi usada uma formulação de VRP em que fosse possível incorporar o modelo de cálculo de emissões. O problema foi formulado para ser usado como um programa MIP (Mixed integer programming). Foi concluído que a implementação de um modelo de emissões em conjunto com uma formulação VRP leva a que seja possível estudar o congestionamento em zonas urbanas, tendo sido observado que é possível diminuir o uso de horários de congestionamento na logística urbana.
The theme of this dissertation is to understand the impact of congestion on vehicle routing for urban logistics. For this study to be carried out it is necessary to incorporate congestion into a VRP model to assess its impact on the definition of vehicle routes. In order to carry out this study, a model for calculating emissions has been adopted with the aim of reducing emissions and thus reducing the use of peak traffic times. A VRP formulation was then used in which the emissions calculation model could be incorporated. The problem was formulated to be used as a MIP (Mixed integer programming) programme. It was concluded that the implementation of an emissions model in conjunction with a VRP formulation makes it possible to study congestion in urban areas, and it was observed that it is possible to reduce the use of congestion times in urban logistics.
The theme of this dissertation is to understand the impact of congestion on vehicle routing for urban logistics. For this study to be carried out it is necessary to incorporate congestion into a VRP model to assess its impact on the definition of vehicle routes. In order to carry out this study, a model for calculating emissions has been adopted with the aim of reducing emissions and thus reducing the use of peak traffic times. A VRP formulation was then used in which the emissions calculation model could be incorporated. The problem was formulated to be used as a MIP (Mixed integer programming) programme. It was concluded that the implementation of an emissions model in conjunction with a VRP formulation makes it possible to study congestion in urban areas, and it was observed that it is possible to reduce the use of congestion times in urban logistics.
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Keywords
Modelo de velocidade Emissões de CO2 Roteamento de veículos Algoritmo genético GVRP Speed model CO2 emissions Vehicle routing Genetic algorithm