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A comprehensive simulation study of slotted CSMA/CA for IEEE 802.15.4 wireless sensor networks
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In this paper, we analyze the performance limits of the
slotted CSMA/CA mechanism of IEEE 802.15.4 in the
beacon-enabled mode for broadcast transmissions in WSNs.
The motivation for evaluating the beacon-enabled mode is
due to its flexibility for WSN applications as compared to the
non-beacon enabled mode. Our analysis is based on an
accurate simulation model of the slotted CSMA/CA
mechanism on top of a realistic physical layer, with respect
to the IEEE 802.15.4 standard specification. The
performance of the slotted CSMA/CA is evaluated and
analyzed for different network settings to understand the
impact of the protocol attributes (superframe order, beacon
order and backoff exponent) on the network performance,
namely in terms of throughput (S), average delay (D) and
probability of success (Ps). We introduce the concept of
utility (U) as a combination of two or more metrics, to
determine the best offered load range for an optimal
behavior of the network. We show that the optimal network
performance using slotted CSMA/CA occurs in the range of
35% to 60% with respect to an utility function proportional
to the network throughput (S) divided by the average delay
(D).
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IEEE