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Authors
Abstract(s)
Sabendo que as energias de origem fóssil não são inesgotáveis e que afetam a qualidade do ambiente, nos últimos anos, o interesse pelas energias renováveis mereceu a atenção de ambientalistas e de governantes. Para diminuir a importação de energia, o próprio governo de Portugal incentivou, através de medidas legislativas diversas, a instalação de sistemas alternativos de produção elétrica. Face à pertinência desta matéria, a dissertação, Viabilidade Técnica e Económica das Diferentes Tecnologias de Microprodução, aborda o aproveitamento de energias renováveis através de tecnologias de Microprodução ligadas à rede elétrica.
Nesta dissertação, numa primeira fase, apresentam-se os sistemas de microprodução existentes no mercado, descrevem-se os componentes que os constituem e destacam-se os aspetos legislativos aplicáveis. Numa segunda fase, com o objetivo de suportar a elaboração de uma ferramenta informática para apoio na escolha de equipamentos de microprodução, procede-se à análise financeira de tecnologias de microprodução, indicando os modelos matemáticos necessários.
Um dos objetivos da dissertação, consiste na construção de uma ferramenta informática de cálculo e na sua aplicação a dois estudos de caso. Esse programa informático foi elaborado em Excel e é capaz de fornecer uma estimativa da produção de energia anual e da avaliação da viabilidade técnico-económica de cada tecnologia e pretende apoiar a decisão do investidor em tecnologias de microprodução.
Tendo sido realizados dois estudos de caso - um edifício habitacional unifamiliar e um edifício Industrial – foi possível verificar o funcionamento da aplicação e a sua utilidade na determinação da solução mais vantajosa na escolha de uma tecnologia de microprodução, uma vez que, introduzidos os dados adequados, são gerados os cálculos que permitem fornecer uma visão de conjunto, possibilitando a comparação das diferentes propostas.
Fossil fuels are not inexhaustible resources and they affect the quality of the environment. Because of that, in recent years, the interest in renewable energies drawn the attention of environmentalists and governments. To reduce energy imports, the government of Portugal encouraged the installation of alternative electricity production systems, through various legislative measures. Due to the importance of this subject, this dissertation discusses the use of renewable energy technologies through microproduction connected to the grid. In this dissertation, at first, it´s presented the microproduction systems available on the market, it´s described the components that constitute them and highlighted the applicable aspects of legislation. Then, we proceeded to the financial analysis of microgeneration technologies, indicating the mathematical models needed, because our aim was to develop a software tool to support in the selection of equipment for microproduction. The aim of this dissertation is the construction of a calculation software tool and its application in two case studies. That computer program was done in Excel and it can estimate the annual energy production and evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of each technology. This computer tool can support the investor decision in acquiring microproduction technologies. Two case studies were carried out – one in a single-family house and the other in an industrial place – and it was possible to verify how the application works as well as its utility in the determination of the best solution in choosing a microproduction technology. This happens because when correct data are entered in the software, it generates calculations that provide us an overview that allows us to compare the different offers.
Fossil fuels are not inexhaustible resources and they affect the quality of the environment. Because of that, in recent years, the interest in renewable energies drawn the attention of environmentalists and governments. To reduce energy imports, the government of Portugal encouraged the installation of alternative electricity production systems, through various legislative measures. Due to the importance of this subject, this dissertation discusses the use of renewable energy technologies through microproduction connected to the grid. In this dissertation, at first, it´s presented the microproduction systems available on the market, it´s described the components that constitute them and highlighted the applicable aspects of legislation. Then, we proceeded to the financial analysis of microgeneration technologies, indicating the mathematical models needed, because our aim was to develop a software tool to support in the selection of equipment for microproduction. The aim of this dissertation is the construction of a calculation software tool and its application in two case studies. That computer program was done in Excel and it can estimate the annual energy production and evaluate the technical and economic feasibility of each technology. This computer tool can support the investor decision in acquiring microproduction technologies. Two case studies were carried out – one in a single-family house and the other in an industrial place – and it was possible to verify how the application works as well as its utility in the determination of the best solution in choosing a microproduction technology. This happens because when correct data are entered in the software, it generates calculations that provide us an overview that allows us to compare the different offers.