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Estudo de aplicação de coletores solares na produção de eletricidade e calor para uso doméstico
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| 2.5 MB | Adobe PDF |
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
O trabalho apresentado explora o aproveitamento da energia solar para suprir as
necessidades energéticas, tanto elétricas como térmicas, de uma habitação tipo 3,
recorrendo ao uso de coletores solares, em que o fluido de trabalho é água.
As necessidades elétricas serão supridas através da produção de energia com
recurso a um ciclo de Rankine, em que fluido de trabalho é um frigorigénio aquecido
através de um permutador cujo fluido quente será uma mistura, de água com
anticongelante, aquecida pelo coletor solar. Por outro lado, as necessidades térmicas serão
satisfeitas através do calor libertado no ciclo de Rankine.
Na instalação solar estará integrado um acumulador térmico com apoio energético,
caldeira elétrica, que funcionará nas situações em que coletor seja insuficiente para
satisfazer as necessidades térmicas.
No final será feita uma avaliação económica para que possa atestar a viabilidade
económica do projeto, tendo em conta os seus custos totais versus as poupanças
energéticas que este sistema origina.
The work presented consists in the use of solar energy to meet the energy requirements, both electrical and thermal in a house with three bedrooms. Solar energy is collected in solar collectors whose working fluid is water. The needs will be met by electric energy production using a Rankine cycle, where the working fluid will be a refrigerant. The refrigerant is heated with a heat exchanger where the hot fluid is water heated by the solar collectors. The thermal requirements will be satisfied by the heat released by the condenser in the Rankine cycle. Solar installation will integrate the heat accumulator with an energetic support such as an electric boiler which will operate whenever the energy requirements are higher than the solar energy available. This work will make an economic study to check the economic viability of the project against its total costs versus the energy savings that the system originates.
The work presented consists in the use of solar energy to meet the energy requirements, both electrical and thermal in a house with three bedrooms. Solar energy is collected in solar collectors whose working fluid is water. The needs will be met by electric energy production using a Rankine cycle, where the working fluid will be a refrigerant. The refrigerant is heated with a heat exchanger where the hot fluid is water heated by the solar collectors. The thermal requirements will be satisfied by the heat released by the condenser in the Rankine cycle. Solar installation will integrate the heat accumulator with an energetic support such as an electric boiler which will operate whenever the energy requirements are higher than the solar energy available. This work will make an economic study to check the economic viability of the project against its total costs versus the energy savings that the system originates.
Description
Keywords
Fração solar Frigorigénio Coletor solar Necessidades energéticas Critérios VAL TIR Tempo de retorno Solar fraction Refrigerant Solar collector Energy needs
Pedagogical Context
Citation
Publisher
Instituto Politécnico do Porto. Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto