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Abstract(s)
Nos últimos anos a concentração de dióxido de carbono resultante de toda a atividade humana,
tem aumentado drasticamente, deixando o planeta em alerta para as alterações climáticas. Em
2021 o setor da construção produziu cerca de 37% das emissões globais de CO2 relacionadas com
o uso de energia, o que leva à necessidade de desenvolver uma metodologia de quantificação e
redução das emissões de CO2 em edifícios/infraestruturas. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo
aprofundar o tema da quantificação e redução do carbono equivalente na construção metálica e
mista. Recorreu-se a uma pesquisa detalhada tanto da literatura existente como dos prováveis
avanços a esperar da investigação científica, baseada nos resultados de pesquisa publicados nos
últimos anos.
A avaliação do ciclo de vida é atualmente o método mais aceite para quantificar o carbono
equivalente ao longo de toda a vida útil de um edifício. É um método bastante complexo que ainda
apresenta algumas limitações e imprecisões, baseado essencialmente nas declarações ambientais
de produto encontradas em bases de dados. Nesta dissertação o método de cálculo é desenvolvido
e apresentado, com base nas informações obrigatórias nas declarações ambientais, dos certificados
de sustentabilidade e nas metas de diminuição de carbono equivalente. São quantificadas as
emissões de dois casos de estudo, segundo o cálculo desenvolvido. As utilizações de materiais
reciclados apresentam uma redução de 60% relativamente a materiais não reciclados. Um dos
casos de estudo mostra que existem grandes benefícios a retirar da realização de projetos com
objetivos específicos com a diminuição da pegada de carbono. Exemplificando com a substituição
da cobertura metálica por uma cobertura de madeira, que resultou numa diminuição de até 10%.
In recent years, carbon dioxide concentration, resulting from all human activity, has increased dramatically, leaving the planet on alert for climate change. In 2021, the construction sector produces about 37% of global CO2 emissions related to energy use, leading to the need to develop a methodology for quantifying and reducing CO2 emissions in buildings/infrastructures. This dissertation delves into the topic of quantifying and reducing carbon equivalent in metallic and mixed construction. Detailed research was carried out on both the existing literature and the likely advances to be expected from scientific research, based on research results published in recent years. Life cycle assessment is currently the most accepted method for quantifying carbon equivalent over the entire useful life of a building. It is a very complex method that still presents some limitations and inaccuracies, essentially based on environmental product declarations found in databases. In this dissertation the calculation method is developed and presented, based on mandatory information in environmental declarations, sustainability certificates and carbon equivalent reduction targets. Emissions from two case studies are quantified, according to the calculation method developed. The use of recycled materials presents a 60% reduction compared to non recycled materials. One of the case studies shows that there are great benefits to be gained from carrying out projects with specific objectives to reduce the carbon footprint. For example, replacing the metal roof with a timber roof, which resulted in a reduction up to 10%.
In recent years, carbon dioxide concentration, resulting from all human activity, has increased dramatically, leaving the planet on alert for climate change. In 2021, the construction sector produces about 37% of global CO2 emissions related to energy use, leading to the need to develop a methodology for quantifying and reducing CO2 emissions in buildings/infrastructures. This dissertation delves into the topic of quantifying and reducing carbon equivalent in metallic and mixed construction. Detailed research was carried out on both the existing literature and the likely advances to be expected from scientific research, based on research results published in recent years. Life cycle assessment is currently the most accepted method for quantifying carbon equivalent over the entire useful life of a building. It is a very complex method that still presents some limitations and inaccuracies, essentially based on environmental product declarations found in databases. In this dissertation the calculation method is developed and presented, based on mandatory information in environmental declarations, sustainability certificates and carbon equivalent reduction targets. Emissions from two case studies are quantified, according to the calculation method developed. The use of recycled materials presents a 60% reduction compared to non recycled materials. One of the case studies shows that there are great benefits to be gained from carrying out projects with specific objectives to reduce the carbon footprint. For example, replacing the metal roof with a timber roof, which resulted in a reduction up to 10%.
Description
Keywords
Dióxido de carbono equivalente Carbono operacional Carbono incorporado Avaliação do ciclo de vida