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Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata

2021Journal article Open access
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dc.contributor.authorMachado, Manuela D.
dc.contributor.authorSoares, Eduardo V.
dc.date.accessioned2022-03-18T17:29:32Z
dc.date.embargo2031
dc.date.issued2021
dc.description.abstractTriclosan, a widely used biocide broadly found in aquatic environments, is cause of concern due to its unknown effects on non-targets organisms. In this study, a multi biomarker approach was used in order to evaluate the 72 h-effect of triclosan on the freshwater alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (Raphidocelis subcapitata). Triclosan, at environmental relevant concentrations (27 and 37 μg L−1), caused a decrease of proliferative capacity, which was accompanied by an increase of cell size and a profound alteration of algae shape. It was found that triclosan promoted the intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species, the depletion of non-enzymatic antioxidant defenses (reduced glutathione and carotenoids) and a decrease of cell metabolic activity. A reduction of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b) was also observed. For the highest concentration tested (37 μg L−1), a decrease of photosynthetic efficiency was detected along with a diminution of the relative transport rate of electrons on the photosynthetic chain. In conclusion, triclosan presents a deep impact on the microalga P. subcapitata morphology and physiology translated by multiple target sites instead of a specific point (cellular membrane) observed in the target organism (bacteria). Additionally, this study contributes to clarify the toxicity mechanisms of triclosan, in green algae, showing the existence of distinct modes of action of the biocide depending on the microalga.pt_PT
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2020 unit and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 - Programa Operacional Regional do Norte.pt_PT
dc.description.versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpt_PT
dc.identifier.citationMachado, Manuela D.; Soares, Eduardo V., Toxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Aquatic Toxicology, 230(105706), 2021pt_PT
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105706pt_PT
dc.identifier.issn0166-445X
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10400.22/20285
dc.language.isoporpt_PT
dc.peerreviewedyespt_PT
dc.publisherElsevierpt_PT
dc.relationUID/BIO/04469/2020pt_PT
dc.relationNORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004pt_PT
dc.relation.publisherversionhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166445X20304550pt_PT
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/pt_PT
dc.subjectCell size and shapept_PT
dc.subjectOxidative stresspt_PT
dc.subjectAntioxidant defensespt_PT
dc.subjectPhotosynthesispt_PT
dc.subjectMetabolic activitypt_PT
dc.titleToxicological effects induced by the biocide triclosan on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitatapt_PT
dc.typejournal article
dspace.entity.typePublication
oaire.citation.startPage105706pt_PT
oaire.citation.titleAquatic Toxicologypt_PT
oaire.citation.volume230pt_PT
person.familyNameSoares
person.givenNameEduardo
person.identifier93637
person.identifier.ciencia-idD612-0D0E-4984
person.identifier.orcid0000-0003-2280-5291
person.identifier.ridO-5908-2015
person.identifier.scopus-author-id7102060173
rcaap.rightsclosedAccesspt_PT
rcaap.typearticlept_PT
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationb3ebdee1-84fa-4183-a1d8-c3cdcaaef219
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryb3ebdee1-84fa-4183-a1d8-c3cdcaaef219

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