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Abstract(s)
A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Mestrado em Engenharia Automóvel no
Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). Ao longo deste estudo, foi realizada uma
revisão bibliográfica e uma análise empírica focadas na otimização dos processos logísticos de
armazenamento e distribuição, com base em conceitos amplamente aceites e praticados na
indústria, como o Toyota Production System (TPS) e técnicas do Lean Management.
Com o avanço da competitividade e dinamismo no contexto empresarial, a eficiência
operacional tornou-se um fator determinante para o sucesso das organizações, sobretudo na
gestão de armazéns e na distribuição de mercadorias. Assim, o estudo abordou as variáveis que
impactam diretamente esses processos, desde as características físicas e funcionais dos
armazéns até às estratégias de gestão de stock, que visam minimizar desperdícios e otimizar a
produtividade.
A aplicação do TPS e de metodologias Lean foi estudada com o intuito de melhorar o fluxo de
trabalho, reduzir o tempo de ciclo e aumentar a flexibilidade na resposta à variabilidade da
procura, fatores que são críticos para a satisfação do cliente e para a competitividade das
empresas. Foram analisados diversos métodos de sorting e picking, demonstrando o impacto
direto dessas atividades na eficiência do armazém e na cadeia de abastecimento.
Foram incluídas também ferramentas de gestão como o M&I, que permitiram mapear o fluxo
de materiais e visualizar de forma clara a gestão dos diferentes tipos de peças, desde pequenos
componentes até materiais de maior dimensão, incluindo itens perigosos como os materiais
hazmat. Esta ferramenta foi crucial para compreender a complexidade dos fluxos de materiais
e as interações entre os processos de arrumação, sorting e expedição.
Adicionalmente, o trabalho apresenta uma análise detalhada do ciclo de arrumação e sorting,
exemplificando diferentes tipos de materiais e seus métodos de armazenamento. O estudo
inclui casos práticos, como a utilização de carros de picking e processos de etiquetagem, e
evidencia como a correta manipulação e arrumação dos itens contribuem para a eficiência geral
do armazém.
Este trabalho, ao documentar todo o processo investigativo e as conclusões alcançadas, visa
não só contribuir para o campo da Engenharia Automóvel, mas também fornecer ferramentas
e insights valiosos para profissionais da área da logística e gestão de armazéns. A sua realização
constitui um passo importante para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Engenharia Automóvel
pelo ISEP.
This work was developed as part of the Master's programme in Automotive Engineering at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). Throughout this study, a comprehensive literature review and empirical analysis were conducted, focusing on optimising logistics processes related to storage and distribution, based on well-established industry concepts such as the Toyota Production System (TPS) and Lean Management techniques. As the business environment becomes increasingly competitive and dynamic, operational efficiency has emerged as a critical factor for organisational success, particularly in warehouse management and goods distribution. Thus, this study explored the variables that directly influence these processes, ranging from the physical and functional characteristics of warehouses to stock management strategies aimed at minimising waste and optimising productivity. The application of TPS and Lean methodologies was examined with the objective of enhancing workflow, reducing cycle times, and increasing flexibility in response to demand variability— factors essential for customer satisfaction and competitive advantage. Several sorting and picking methods were analysed, demonstrating their direct impact on warehouse efficiency and the supply chain as a whole. Management tools such as M&I were also explored, enabling a clear visualisation of material flows and facilitating the understanding of different types of goods, from small components to larger items, including hazardous materials (hazmat). This tool was vital in grasping the complexity of material flows and the interactions between storage, sorting, and dispatch processes. Additionally, the present work presents a detailed analysis of the sorting and storage cycle, providing practical examples of different types of materials and their storage methods. Case studies include the use of picking carts and labelling processes, highlighting how the correct handling and organisation of items contribute to the overall efficiency of the warehouse. This work, by documenting the investigative process and the conclusions reached, aims not only to contribute to the field of Automotive Engineering but also to provide valuable tools and insights for professionals in logistics and warehouse management. Its completion represents a significant step towards obtaining the degree of Master in Automotive Engineering at ISEP.
This work was developed as part of the Master's programme in Automotive Engineering at the Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto (ISEP). Throughout this study, a comprehensive literature review and empirical analysis were conducted, focusing on optimising logistics processes related to storage and distribution, based on well-established industry concepts such as the Toyota Production System (TPS) and Lean Management techniques. As the business environment becomes increasingly competitive and dynamic, operational efficiency has emerged as a critical factor for organisational success, particularly in warehouse management and goods distribution. Thus, this study explored the variables that directly influence these processes, ranging from the physical and functional characteristics of warehouses to stock management strategies aimed at minimising waste and optimising productivity. The application of TPS and Lean methodologies was examined with the objective of enhancing workflow, reducing cycle times, and increasing flexibility in response to demand variability— factors essential for customer satisfaction and competitive advantage. Several sorting and picking methods were analysed, demonstrating their direct impact on warehouse efficiency and the supply chain as a whole. Management tools such as M&I were also explored, enabling a clear visualisation of material flows and facilitating the understanding of different types of goods, from small components to larger items, including hazardous materials (hazmat). This tool was vital in grasping the complexity of material flows and the interactions between storage, sorting, and dispatch processes. Additionally, the present work presents a detailed analysis of the sorting and storage cycle, providing practical examples of different types of materials and their storage methods. Case studies include the use of picking carts and labelling processes, highlighting how the correct handling and organisation of items contribute to the overall efficiency of the warehouse. This work, by documenting the investigative process and the conclusions reached, aims not only to contribute to the field of Automotive Engineering but also to provide valuable tools and insights for professionals in logistics and warehouse management. Its completion represents a significant step towards obtaining the degree of Master in Automotive Engineering at ISEP.
Description
Keywords
TLSPT Toyota Gestão de armazenamento Gestão de stocks Melhoria contínua Processos internos Análise de desempenho Lean management Warehouse processes Kaizen Warehouse management Lean tools Logistics Efficiency