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Abstract(s)
O Pacto ClimĆ”tico Europeu apresentado por parte da UniĆ£o Europeia (UE) visa atingir a neutralidade carbĆ³nica atĆ© ao ano de 2050. Atualmente, vĆ”rios paĆses estĆ£o a implementar estratĆ©gias de produĆ§Ć£o de energias alternativas, principalmente de fontes renovĆ”veis, cuja intermitĆŖncia, aumento da capacidade e a consequente injeĆ§Ć£o na rede elĆ©trica provoca desequilĆbrios e picos de tensĆ£o que tĆŖm de ser mitigados. O recurso Ć eletrĆ³lise para a produĆ§Ć£o de hidrogĆ©nio Ć© uma alternativa promissora para garantir o equilĆbrio das
redes. Dos vĆ”rios tipos de hidrogĆ©nio, o hidrogĆ©nio verde destaca-se por ser um mĆ©todo que recorre integralmente ao uso de fontes de energias renovĆ”veis. Desta forma, a UE apresentou a meta para a transiĆ§Ć£o total para o hidrogĆ©nio verde atĆ© 2050 com uma capacidade total de 1300 GW. Dos diversos tipos de eletrolisadores destaca-se o eletrolisador do tipo PEMWE (Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser) pela sua capacidade de gestĆ£o dinĆ¢mica de cargas. Assim, com o objetivo de auxiliar o estudo do
impacte real da produĆ§Ć£o de hidrogĆ©nio verde numa rede elĆ©trica foi efetuado todo o planeamento, projeĆ§Ć£o, desenvolvimento e respetiva validaĆ§Ć£o de uma bancada de teste com a incorporaĆ§Ć£o de um eletrolisador PEM. Inicialmente, procedeu-se Ć realizaĆ§Ć£o de um estudo de mercado que abrange todos os componentes utilizados, incluindo o desenvolvimento de esquemas de montagem, esquemas elĆ©tricos e hidrĆ”ulicos em 2D e 3D, da estrutura da bancada de teste. Com o material selecionado, procedeu-se Ć configuraĆ§Ć£o/calibraĆ§Ć£o da instrumentaĆ§Ć£o e Ć montagem completa da instalaĆ§Ć£o elĆ©trica e hidrĆ”ulica na estrutura. Durante a fase de
montagem do equipamento, realizou-se a programaĆ§Ć£o do software com recurso ao LabVIEW atravĆ©s das vĆ”rias bibliotecas de apoio, centralizando toda a comunicaĆ§Ć£o dos vĆ”rios instrumentos num sĆ³ programa. O programa desenvolvido permite o controlo manual e automatizado da bancada de teste, com o registo dos dados localmente e com a funcionalidade de envio dos mesmos para uma base de dados SQL. ApĆ³s a conclusĆ£o da instalaĆ§Ć£o de todo o material, com o objetivo de validar na Ćntegra os sistemas elĆ©tricos e hidrĆ”ulicos, procedeu-se a um teste automatizado de produĆ§Ć£o de hidrogĆ©nio, tendo-se retirado vĆ”rias ilaƧƵes sobre o funcionamento deste tipo de equipamentos.
The European Union (EU) presented the European Climate Pact, which seeks to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Currently, numerous countries are developing policies for the generation of alternative energies, primarily from renewable sources, whose intermittent nature, increased capacity, and subsequent injection into the electrical grid produce imbalances and voltage peaks that must be managed. The use of electrolysis to produce hydrogen is a viable solution for ensuring grid stability. Green hydrogen is unique among the numerous varieties of hydrogen since it is totally based on renewable energy sources. Thus, the EU has set a goal of achieving a thorough transition to green hydrogen by 2050, with a total production capacity of 1300 GW. Among the different types of electrolysers, the PEMWE (Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser) is notable for its dynamic load management ability. As a result, in order to aid in the investigation of the true impact of green hydrogen production on an electrical grid, all planning, projection, development, and validation of a test bench integrating a PEM electrolyser were completed. Initially, a market study was carried out on all of the components used, including the creation of assembly diagrams, electrical and hydraulic schematics in 2D and 3D for the test bench structure. The instrumentation was configured/calibrated using the selected materials, and the electrical and hydraulic installation on the structure was fully assembled. During the equipment building phase, the software was programmed in LabVIEW using multiple support libraries, combining all communication from the numerous instruments into a single program. The built program enables for both manual and automated control of the test bench, as well as local data recording and data transfer to a SQL database. Following the installation of all materials, an automated hydrogen production test was performed to properly validate the electrical and hydraulic systems. Several findings were reached regarding the operation of this type of equipment.
The European Union (EU) presented the European Climate Pact, which seeks to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Currently, numerous countries are developing policies for the generation of alternative energies, primarily from renewable sources, whose intermittent nature, increased capacity, and subsequent injection into the electrical grid produce imbalances and voltage peaks that must be managed. The use of electrolysis to produce hydrogen is a viable solution for ensuring grid stability. Green hydrogen is unique among the numerous varieties of hydrogen since it is totally based on renewable energy sources. Thus, the EU has set a goal of achieving a thorough transition to green hydrogen by 2050, with a total production capacity of 1300 GW. Among the different types of electrolysers, the PEMWE (Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyser) is notable for its dynamic load management ability. As a result, in order to aid in the investigation of the true impact of green hydrogen production on an electrical grid, all planning, projection, development, and validation of a test bench integrating a PEM electrolyser were completed. Initially, a market study was carried out on all of the components used, including the creation of assembly diagrams, electrical and hydraulic schematics in 2D and 3D for the test bench structure. The instrumentation was configured/calibrated using the selected materials, and the electrical and hydraulic installation on the structure was fully assembled. During the equipment building phase, the software was programmed in LabVIEW using multiple support libraries, combining all communication from the numerous instruments into a single program. The built program enables for both manual and automated control of the test bench, as well as local data recording and data transfer to a SQL database. Following the installation of all materials, an automated hydrogen production test was performed to properly validate the electrical and hydraulic systems. Several findings were reached regarding the operation of this type of equipment.
Description
Keywords
Experimental bench Renewable energy Electrical grids Green hydrogen Electrolyser Hydrogen production Autonomous systems Databases Bancada experimental Energia renovĆ”vel Redes elĆ©tricas HidrogĆ©nio verde Eletrolisador ProduĆ§Ć£o de hidrogĆ©nio Sistemas autĆ³nomos Bases de dados