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Resumo(s)
A Web aproximou a humanidade dos seus pares a um nível nunca antes visto. Com esta
facilidade veio também o cibercrime, o terrorismo e outros fenómenos característicos de uma
sociedade tecnológica, plenamente informatizada e onde as fronteiras terrestres pouco
importam na limitação dos agentes ativos, nocivos ou não, deste sistema.
Recentemente descobriu-se que as grandes nações “vigiam” atentamente os seus cidadãos,
desrespeitando qualquer limite moral e tecnológico, podendo escutar conversas telefónicas,
monitorizar o envio e receção de e-mails, monitorizar o tráfego Web do cidadão através de
poderosíssimos programas de monitorização e vigilância. Noutros cantos do globo, nações em
tumulto ou envoltas num manto da censura perseguem os cidadãos negando-lhes o acesso à
Web. Mais mundanamente, há pessoas que coagem e invadem a privacidade de conhecidos e
familiares, vasculhando todos os cantos dos seus computadores e hábitos de navegação.
Neste sentido, após o estudo das tecnologias que permitem a vigilância constante dos
utilizadores da Web, foram analisadas soluções que permitem conceder algum anónimato e
segurança no tráfego Web. Para suportar o presente estudo, foi efetuada uma análise das
plataformas que permitem uma navegação anónima e segura e um estudo das tecnologias e
programas com potencial de violação de privacidade e intrusão informática usados por nações
de grande notoriedade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal analisar as tecnologias de
monitorização e de vigilância informática identificando as tecnologias disponíveis, procurando
encontrar potenciais soluções no sentido de investigar a possibilidade de desenvolver e
disponibilizar uma ferramenta multimédia alicerçada em Linux e em LiveDVD (Sistema
Operativo Linux que corre a partir do DVD sem necessidade de instalação). Foram integrados
recursos no protótipo com o intuito de proporcionar ao utilizador uma forma ágil e leiga para
navegar na Web de forma segura e anónima, a partir de um sistema operativo (SO)
virtualizado e previamente ajustado para o âmbito anteriormente descrito.
O protótipo foi testado e avaliado por um conjunto de cidadãos no sentido de aferir o seu
potencial. Termina-se o documento com as conclusões e o trabalho a desenvolver
futuramente.
The Web was the mean to shorten the distance between Men to an unprecedented level. With this facility also came cybercrime, terrorism and other phenomena of a moving society, fully computerized and where the land borders are of little importance in limiting the active agents, harmful or not, to this system. Recently the world knew by the media and the WikiLeaks, that its leading nations follow closely their citizens, disregarding any moral and technological threshold, that internal and external security agencies in the United States closely follow telephone conversations, e-mail, Web traffic of their counterparts, using powerful monitoring and surveillance programs. In other corners of the globe, nations in turmoil or wrapped in the cloak of censorship persecute and deny uncontrolled Web access without armful repercussions to their citizens. Worldlier, pears coerce and invade the privacy of acquaintances and family, searching every corner of their computers and surfing habits, enforcing violence as vendetta. This work analyzed the technologies that control the usage of Web consumers, solutions that enable and grant some anonymity and security in Web traffic. To support this study, an analysis of platforms that allow for anonymous Web browsing, technologies and programs with potential computer intrusion and violation of privacy by high-profile nations, was made. This study aimed to analyze the computer monitoring and surveillance technologies and identify the available countermeasure technologies. It scope relied on the deliver a multimedia tool developed in Linux, providing a LiveDVD (Linux OS that runs from DVD without installation). Resources were integrated in the prototype, developed in order to provide the user with a flexible and lay way to surf the Web in a safe and anonymous environment. It was prepared to operate from as a LiveDVD or inside a virtual machine. The prototype was tested and evaluated by a group of citizens to check its potentiality and effectiveness. The work was finished with the conclusions and the work to be develop in the future.
The Web was the mean to shorten the distance between Men to an unprecedented level. With this facility also came cybercrime, terrorism and other phenomena of a moving society, fully computerized and where the land borders are of little importance in limiting the active agents, harmful or not, to this system. Recently the world knew by the media and the WikiLeaks, that its leading nations follow closely their citizens, disregarding any moral and technological threshold, that internal and external security agencies in the United States closely follow telephone conversations, e-mail, Web traffic of their counterparts, using powerful monitoring and surveillance programs. In other corners of the globe, nations in turmoil or wrapped in the cloak of censorship persecute and deny uncontrolled Web access without armful repercussions to their citizens. Worldlier, pears coerce and invade the privacy of acquaintances and family, searching every corner of their computers and surfing habits, enforcing violence as vendetta. This work analyzed the technologies that control the usage of Web consumers, solutions that enable and grant some anonymity and security in Web traffic. To support this study, an analysis of platforms that allow for anonymous Web browsing, technologies and programs with potential computer intrusion and violation of privacy by high-profile nations, was made. This study aimed to analyze the computer monitoring and surveillance technologies and identify the available countermeasure technologies. It scope relied on the deliver a multimedia tool developed in Linux, providing a LiveDVD (Linux OS that runs from DVD without installation). Resources were integrated in the prototype, developed in order to provide the user with a flexible and lay way to surf the Web in a safe and anonymous environment. It was prepared to operate from as a LiveDVD or inside a virtual machine. The prototype was tested and evaluated by a group of citizens to check its potentiality and effectiveness. The work was finished with the conclusions and the work to be develop in the future.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Segurança Navegação anónima Rede Tor Linux Violência Pirataria informática Cibercrime Security Private browsing Tor network Opens source Violence Hacking