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Demand Response of Residential Houses Equipped with PV-Battery Systems: An Application Study Using Evolutionary Algorithms

Publication . Lezama, Fernando; Faia, Ricardo; Faria, Pedro; Vale, Zita

Households equipped with distributed energy resources, such as storage units and renewables, open the possibility of self-consumption of on-site generation, sell energy to the grid, or do both according to the context of operation. In this paper, a model for optimizing the energy resources of households by an energy service provider is developed. We consider houses equipped with technologies that support the actual reduction of energy bills and therefore perform demand response actions. A mathematical formulation is developed to obtain the optimal scheduling of household devices that minimizes energy bill and demand response curtailment actions. In addition to the scheduling model, the innovative approach in this paper includes evolutionary algorithms used to solve the problem under two optimization approaches: (a) the non-parallel approach combine the variables of all households at once; (b) the parallel-based approach takes advantage of the independence of variables between households using a multi-population mechanism and independent optimizations. Results show that the parallel-based approach can improve the performance of the tested evolutionary algorithms for larger instances of the problem. Thus, while increasing the size of the problem, namely increasing the number of households, the proposed methodology will be more advantageous. Overall, vortex search overcomes all other tested algorithms (including the well-known differential evolution and particle swarm optimization) achieving around 30% better fitness value in all the cases, demonstrating its effectiveness in solving the proposed problem

2020-05Journal article

Open access

Optimal Distribution Grid Operation Using Demand Response

Publication . Faia, Ricardo; Canizes, Bruno; Faria, Pedro; Vale, Zita; Terras, Jose M.; Cunha, Luis V.

This paper presents a model in which the distribution system operator can take advantage of the flexibility of end-users to overcome some operation issues on low voltage networks. Distributed generation based on renewable energy sources connected to these kinds of networks is challenging the conventional control and operation framework designed for passive distribution networks. Considering this, the proposed research work presents a non-linear problem using the flexibility available in the end-users to minimize the operation costs of the distribution system operator. For this goal, it is seeking the minimization of power losses and flexibility acquisition costs. The presented case study considers a realistic low voltage network with 256 bus and 96 connected end-users to show the approach effectiveness..

2020Conference object

Open access