Loading...
2 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
- Inventory of sensory, emotional, and cognitive reserve (SECri): Proposal of a new instrument and preliminary dataPublication . Pinto, Joana O.; Vieira, Isabel; Barroso, Beatriz C. R.; Peixoto, Miguel; Pontes, Diogo; Peixoto, Bruno; Dores, Artemisa R.; Barbosa, FernandoA new model of reserve, the Sensory, Emotional, and Cognitive Reserve (SEC) model, has beenrecently proposed, but so far this model has not been operationalized in instruments to evaluatethe different domains of the reserve. This study introduces the SEC reserve inventory (SECri) alongwith preliminary data obtained from a study involving 57 adults, aged 35 and older. The SECriassesses the SEC domains using specific proxies: (a) sensory reserve (SR) through sensory acuity andsensory perception proxies; (b) emotional reserve (ER) through life events, resilience, and emotionalregulation proxies; and (c) cognitive reserve (CR) through education, occupation, socioeconomicstatus, bilingualism, leisure activities, and personality traits proxies. Key features of SECri includeself- and informant-report forms, fine-grained response scales, and the evaluation of reservedevelopment across the lifespan. Findings on the acceptability, convergent validity between SECridomains and validated tests for the same constructs, internal consistency of each domain, andpredictive validity of Montreal Cognitive Assessment scores support further research with thisinventory. Future studies should consider determining SECri’s psychometric properties in clinical andsubclinical conditions to evaluate its prognostic value in cases of neurocognitive decline.
- Measures of cognitive reserve: an umbrella reviewPublication . Pinto, Joana O.; Peixoto, Bruno; Dores, Artemisa R.; Barbosa, FernandoRecently, there has been a growing interest in operationalizing and measuring cognitive reserve (CR) for clinical and research purposes. This umbrella review aims to summarize the existing systematic and meta-analytic reviews about measures of CR. A literature search was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the guidelines of Aromataris et al. (Citation2015) to identify the systematic reviews and meta-analysis involving the assessment of CR. The methodological quality of the papers included in this umbrella review was assessed with A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR-2) and Specialist Unit for Review Evidence (SURE). Thirty-one reviews were identified, sixteen of which were systematic reviews, and fifteen were meta-analyses. Most of the reviews had a critically low quality, according to AMSTAR-2. The reviews included between two and 135 studies. Most of the papers focused on older adults, mainly those with dementia. CR was measured using one to six proxies, but most considered each proxy separately. The most assessed proxies of CR were education on its own, combined with occupation and/or engagement in activities or combined with parental education, bilingualism, and engagement in activities when four CR proxies were studied. Most of the studies included in higher quality reviews focused on three proxies, with education and engagement in activities being the most evaluated using CR questionnaires. Despite the growing interest in measuring CR, its operationalization did not improve since the last umbrella review in this field.