Browsing by Author "Quinteira, S."
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- High occurrence of multidrug-resistant Esche-richia colifrom Holstein-Friesian cattle in Northern Portugal: a One Health challengePublication . Quinteira, S.; Dias, A.B.; Pinho, L.; Brito, N.V.; Campos, Carla; Freitas, A.R.; Miranda, C.Escherichia coli is currently a leading pathogen for deaths associated with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). AMR related to food-producing animals is a public health risk requiring a One Health approach. Animals are major reservoirs of antibiotic resistant E. coli which can easily reach humans through the food chain, direct contact, or the environment. To analyze the AMR profiles of E. coli in fecal samples from Holstein-Friesian cattle, as information on AMR from dairy farming in Portugal is scarce. Samples (n=112) collected from 7 different farms at Northern Portugal were pooled during February-March 2023 based on age group (8 calves and 8 cows per farm). Characteristic E. coli colonies were selected from MacConkey Agar supplemented with or without antibiotics (4 µg/ml cefotaxime; 3 µg/ml colistin), for confirmation by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), according to EUCAST/CLSI guidelines. ESBL phenotype were searched using the Double-Disk Synergy Test. Presumptive E. coli isolates (n=110) representing different farming production systems were obtained and 51 representatives were identified by MALDI-TOF and tested by AST. From both calves and cows, 95% and 63% of the E. coli isolates exhibited resistance to ≥1 antimicrobial classes and multidrug resistance (MDR, resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial classes), respectively. Isolates were mostly resistant to gentamycin (88%), ampicillin (72%), amoxicillin plus clavulanic acid (63%), tetracycline (63%) and cefotaxime (53%). Only two isolates showed susceptibility two all tested antibiotics. ESBL activity was observed in 21% of E. coli isolates. All analyzed pools were classified as MDR. This is one of the first studies on AMR rates of E. coli from dairy cattle in Northern Portugal. It reveals a high prevalence of MDR E. coli, which is a worrying finding and emphasize the need of a multisectoral One Health approach to minimize its impact.
- Nasal colonization by Staphylococcus aureusin Health Sciences students and analysis of risk fac-tors under a One Health perspectivePublication . Gomes-Sampaio, L. M.; Cláudia-Ferreira, A.; Prata, J. C.; Azevedo, R. M. S.; Pacheco, P.; Campos, Carla; Novais, C.; Peixe, L.; Dinis-Oliveira, R. J.; Coelho, C.; Miranda, C.; Quinteira, S.; Freitas, A. R.Staphylococcus aureusis the leading bacterial cause of death globally. Nasal carriage of S. aureusincreases the risk of invasive infections, including by methicillin-resistant S. aureus(MRSA) strains, but studies including Portuguese university students (PUS) are scarce. To analyse the prevalence of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus(MSSA) and MRSA among PUS enrolled in different courses/years (1st-4th) at IUCS-CESPU, characterize their antibiotic resistance profiles, and assess the potential risk factors. Swabs collected during March-December 2022 from anterior nares of 156 volunteers (median 22-years) were processed in mannitol-salt agar and, in parallel, enriched in brain-heart broth with NaCl 6.5% further plated onto ChromID® MRSA SMART. Typical colonies were stored for species identification (MALDITOF-MS) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (disk diffusion; EU-CAST/CLSI guidelines). Each student completed a questionnaire comprising demographic/clinical/social parameters. Statistical analysis was conducted in IBM-SPSS Statistics 26 using binary logistic regression applying a backward stepwise (likelihood ratio) method, with α=0.05, selecting variables using Chi-square tests and Mann-Whitney U tests for which p≤0.20, >10 occurrences, not biologicallycorrelated. Prevalence of MSSA and MRSA (cefoxitin screening) were 28.8% and 1.9%, respectively. From the 45 positive samples, 9% were multidrug-resistant, 38% were resistant to penicillin, 40% to erythromycin, 40% to clindamycin (inducible),7% to cefoxitin, 2% to tetracycline, and 2% to rifampicin. Self-reported frequent contact with animals (OR=3.44, CI 95%: 1.10–10.66) were positively associated with S. aureus, while regular sports participation presented a negative association (OR=0.36, CI 95%: 0.17–0.77). Sports participation was not correlated with self-reported excellent health (χ2=0.680, p=0.409). This is one of the first studies assessing MSSA/MRSA rates in PUS after the COVID-19 pandemics imposing higher self-protection/hygienization. While PUS-MSSA rates are similar to that previously observed, PUS-MRSA rates are slightly higher. Additional samples are being processed to explore future trends and other potential One Health factors influencing MSSA/MRSA colonization.